INTRODUCTION TO SMART AND INTELLIGENT NANOMATERIALS FOR BIOSENSORS (Book Chapter)

Abstract

The upgraded version of nanotechnology is the development of novel material with multiple functionalities by integrating the fields of physics, chemistry, material science, engineering, and biotechnology. The small-sized nanoparticles have outstanding characteristics like improved absorption, large surface area, quantum effects, and high reactivity. Its high targeting nature, unpredictable side effects, and drug delivery to the healthy tissues when exposed largely are the major drawbacks in the biomedical field compared with other areas. Smart and intelligent materials are developed to overcome all these challenges. It offers important prospects like flexibility, sensitivity, selectivity, easily portable, and user friendly, which provides fair and accurate detection of diseases. The integration of nanotechnology-based diagnostics devices with IoT will deliver positive impacts in the food, environment, medical, and agriculture sectors. This chapter provides an overview of classification, tuneable properties of the smart material by varying external stimuli, and recent applications in the biomedical area.