2.Book Chapter (24)

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    PREDICTING THE OPTIMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EDUCATORS FOR SUCCESS IN A GLOBALIZED CONTEXT (Book Chapter)
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024-12-03) Sudha Maheswari T; Shanmugam, Vidhya; Priyadarshini, Saranya; Kalimuthu M; Sivaraman S; Pavan K.A
    Educators play a crucial role in preparing students for success in a globalized environment. This study aims to forecast the optimal characteristics that educators need to thrive in such a context. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and interviews with experienced educators, this research identifies key attributes that contribute to educators’ success in a globalized setting. The research gathered data from colleges in Coimbatore city, using a probability sampling method. The participants were educators from various disciplines such as arts & science, engineering, and management. After data collection, exploratory data analysis was conducted, which included assessing reliability and validity, to prepare for multivariate analysis. The findings emphasized the crucial role of information technology knowledge among educators, highlighting its significance alongside other variables that demonstrated strong coefficients. These results underscored the essential qualities educators should retain while working in educational institutions or universities.
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    DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY IN SMART AGRICULTURE: ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY (Book Chapter)
    (Elsevier, 2024-01-01) Gnanamalar, R. Hepziba; Ayyasamy, Ramesh Kumar
    Smart Agriculture is pivotal for addressing the growing global demand for food while ensuring sustainable resource use. Digital Twin technology, capable of creating virtual replicas of physical systems, holds significant potential for advancing agricultural practices. This study investigates the role of Digital Twin technology in revolutionizing smart agriculture, with a focus on increasing productivity and sustainability. We explore how real-time data and predictive modeling offered by Digital Twins can optimize decision-making and overall agricultural efficiency. The Objective of the chapter is to analyze the principles and components of Digital Twins in smart agriculture, assess the impact of Digital Twins on crop monitoring, resource management, and precision agriculture, evaluate the economic and environmental benefits of Digital Twin adoption in agriculture, and address challenges associated with implementing Digital Twin technology in farming. Digital Twins are poised to reshape smart agriculture, empowering data-driven decisions to enhance productivity and sustainability. While challenges exist, the transformative potential of Digital Twins in agriculture is undeniable, heralding a future where data-driven precision farming becomes the norm, aligning global food security with environmental conservation.
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    A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF LEARNING RULES AND ARCHITECTURE OF PERCEPTRON IN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS (ANNS) (Book Chapter)
    (CRC Press, 2024-1) Shanthini S; Devi, M. Sindhana; Grace, R. Suriya
    The complicated neural networks of the human mind have acted as a significant model for creating artificial neural networks (ANNs) of computational intelligence. ANNs can recognize patterns in data, make decisions, and perform other functions. The study provides a comprehensive review that explores ANNs by analysing the crucial elements of learning rules and perceptron architectures. This chapter clarifies the foundational learning rules underlying ANNs’ ability to adapt and generalize from data. The investigation comprehensively inspects the vital elements of learning rules and perceptron architectures in Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) inspired by the detailed neuronal networks of the human brain. This chapter subsequently explores the dynamic realm of perceptron architectures within ANNs. Single-layer perceptrons are examined for their inability to handle intricate relationships. In contrast, multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) emerge as formidable solutions. The complex composition of MLPs, characterized by input, hidden, and output layers, is deconstructed, highlighting their potential to capture intricate non-linear patterns through the strategic deployment of activation functions. This analysis showcases a merging of academic notions and actionable effects. The combined effect between learning rules and perceptron architectures forms the foundation of ANNs’ expertise in pattern recognition, prediction, and decision-making tasks. By comprehensively understanding these underpinnings, researchers and practitioners can connect the potential of ANNs across diverse domains.
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    HARNESSING INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) FOR OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN RETAIL STORES: INNOVATIONS, BENEFITS, AND CHALLENGES (Book Chapter)
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Karthikeyan K; Brindha T.C; Sujaritha D.; Dhanasekar E; Mathuthra O; Gowrishankar R
    This study explores how the Internet of Things (IoT) positively impacts retail store operations, integrating retail marketing, working capital, analytics, and cloud systems to achieve greater control over data and enhance technological sophistication. IoT supports decision-making in product category management, pricing strategies, promotional mix, communication channels, supply chain management, customer care services, cash management, payment systems, inventory management, data privacy and security, feature customization, and employee management through the automation of big data analysis. By addressing challenges in retail store operations, the study emphasizes the need for specific and comprehensive conceptualizations and measures of analysis within organized retail outlets. The article defines and operationalizes control activities to capture retail store effectiveness using IoT, based on data collected from 230 functional heads in organized retail stores whose well adopted with IoT. Focusing on quantitative measure validation, the study confirms that retail heads can make strategic decisions for retail expansion by leveraging IoT in their businesses. The findings are validated through simple percentage analysis, ANOVA, correlation, regression, and the SEM model, presenting both theoretical and practical implications. The Internet of Things has impact on the retail store operation and performance. Further the key variables in the segment should given focus analysis for rapid growth and development of retail sectors.
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    INTRODUCTION TO SMART AND INTELLIGENT NANOMATERIALS FOR BIOSENSORS (Book Chapter)
    (Elsevier, 2024-1) Natarajan, Arunadevi; Singh, Kshitij RB; Rai, Harshita; Singh, Jay; Pandey, Shyam S; Singh, Ravindra Pratap; Malhotra, Bansi D
    The upgraded version of nanotechnology is the development of novel material with multiple functionalities by integrating the fields of physics, chemistry, material science, engineering, and biotechnology. The small-sized nanoparticles have outstanding characteristics like improved absorption, large surface area, quantum effects, and high reactivity. Its high targeting nature, unpredictable side effects, and drug delivery to the healthy tissues when exposed largely are the major drawbacks in the biomedical field compared with other areas. Smart and intelligent materials are developed to overcome all these challenges. It offers important prospects like flexibility, sensitivity, selectivity, easily portable, and user friendly, which provides fair and accurate detection of diseases. The integration of nanotechnology-based diagnostics devices with IoT will deliver positive impacts in the food, environment, medical, and agriculture sectors. This chapter provides an overview of classification, tuneable properties of the smart material by varying external stimuli, and recent applications in the biomedical area.
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    HUMAN DIGITAL TWIN PROCESSES AND THEIR FUTURE (Book Chapter)
    (Springer Nature, 2024-01-01) Gnanamalar R, Hepziba
    In recent years, the concept of the human digital twin has emerged as a promising approach to revolutionize healthcare and unlock the full potential of precision medicine. By creating a virtual replica of an individual’s biological, physiological, and behavioral characteristics, a human digital twin can be used to develop personalized treatment plans, improve disease prevention, and discover genetics that contribute to health and disease. A human digital twin enables a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between environmental and lifestyle factors. It is used in various industries, such as aerospace and automotive, to optimize product design, predict performance, and improve maintenance. However, the application of this concept to human health is still in its early stages. Significant challenges remain to be overcome, and significant gains could be realized. One of the key benefits of the human digital twin is the ability to integrate and analyze large numbers of data from various sources, such as electronic medical records, genomic information, wearable devices, and even social media. A comprehensive view of human health can identify early warning signs of disease, enabling timely intervention and prevention strategies. For example, digital twins can be used to predict an individual’s risk of developing diabetes on the basis of their genetic makeup, lifestyle, and environmental factors, allowing healthcare providers to tailor diet and exercise regimens to reduce that risk. Plans can be recommended. The human digital twin could unlock the full potential of precision medicine and transform medicine as we know it. Digital twins provide comprehensive and dynamic representations of an individual’s health status to improve patient outcomes, provide personalized prevention and treatment, and broaden our understanding of the complex factors that influence health and disease. Strategies can be formulated. However, realizing these benefits will require overcoming significant technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges and fostering collaboration among researchers, healthcare providers, patients, and policymakers. The successful integration of the human digital twin into healthcare will undoubtedly pave the way for a new era of personalized, data-driven medicine that improves individual and collective health. This chapter consists of seven sections. Section “Introduction” discusses the history, evolution, process, advantages, and disadvantages of human digital twin technologies. Section “HDT Process with Various Recent Technologies” deliberates about the integration of various recent technologies with human digital twin (HDTs). A conceptual paradigm for HDTs is described in section “Conceptual Paradigm for DT and HDT”. An HDT and a human being are compared in section “Human Digital Twin Technology and Human Beings”. The different types of wearable technologies featuring HDTs are categorized in section “Wearable Devices and HDTs”. Section “Development of Human Digital Twins in Healthcare” provides information on the development of HDTs in healthcare. Finally, section “Conclusion” concludes all other sections.
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    REFINING TALENT MANAGEMENT: NAVIGATING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Mythili, D; Saranya, V; Akalya, V; Ranganayaki, C; Mathiyarasan, M
    In today's global landscape, marked by intense competition, innovation, and creativity emerge as pivotal corporate strategies to excel and elevate oneself in this knowledge-driven economy. Within this context, human resources stand out as the most valuable and indispensable asset, playing a crucial role in the smooth and effective functioning of organizations. The success of any enterprise hinges on the commitment, hard work, and loyalty of its employees, making talent the primary driving force behind organizational triumphs. Consequently, effective workforce management becomes paramount for organizations seeking to thrive in the modern economic climate. For HR managers, the task of identifying, recruiting, selecting, and retaining competent individuals tailored to their specific industrial needs poses a significant challenge. This paper is dedicated to providing insights into how talent management strategies, particularly within the Information Technology sector, contribute to an organization's competitive advantage.
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    PERSEVERANCE MATTERS: ADULT RISK ATTITUDE TOWARD HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
    (Elsevier, 2024-01-01) Maya, R; Anjana, V.J; Nanthini, B
    Health holds immense importance in our lives, affecting multiple dimensions of our well-being and life satisfaction. The significance of well-being in our lives cannot be overstated, influencing diverse facets of our overall health and life satisfaction. A cautious and health-conscious approach often leads to better psychological well-being because it impacts our ability to pursue our dreams, enjoy daily activities, and contribute to meaningful society. The paper is focused on to examine the relationship between health-risk attitude and psychological well-being. A total of 132 samples (age between 18 and 45) were collected by using convenience sampling method. Sociodemographic details, 13 items Health-Risk Attitude Scale (HRAS-13), and 18 items Ryff Psychological well-being were used to collect data. Results show that based on standardized coefficient, autonomy comes in second place to positive relation with others (0.336) as the most significant variables to extract health-risk mindset (0.296). Individual perception toward health can impact their overall psychological well-being. It empowers individuals to take charge of their health, enables effective health interventions, and contributes to building healthier and happier communities. Prioritizing health through a balanced lifestyle, regular exercise, proper nutrition, and mental well-being strategies is essential for a fulfilling and purposeful life.
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    POTASSIUM-ION BATTERIES RECENT TRENDS AND CHALLENGES
    (CRC Press, 2024-01-01) Nithya, C; Kiruthiga, R
    Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have attracted much attention for their multifarious applications in next-generation energy storage devices because of their high abundance and low cost. KIBs utilize K+ ions for charge storage, which gained considerable attention due to their unique properties. The low redox potential of K+/K couple, along with a great mobility of K+ ion in organic electrolytes due to the weak Lewis acidic nature of non-aqueous electrolytes, results in high energy density with fast reaction kinetics. However, the development of suitable electrode and electrolyte materials is essential for large-scale grid storage applications. Recent research on KIBs is still under progress; however, the overall understanding of the shortcomings of each component and possible approaches for further development is essential for the exploration of new electrode materials/electrolytes and designing strategies for high-performing potassium-ion batteries. In this chapter, we systematically summarize and discuss the recent progress of electrode materials on the nanoscale and address the choice of electrolytes as they directly influence the electrochemical performance of KIBs. Here we further discuss the challenging issues associated with intercalation, conversion, and alloying-based electrode materials. In the end, rational designing of appropriate and efficient electrode materials is also proposed for further developing KIBs for practical applications.
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    IMPACT OF SELECT COMPANIES FROM INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTORAL INDICES
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Lekha Shree, S; Amudha, A; Baby, M K; Bharathi K, Dhivya
    Performance on the stock market as a whole is thought to reflect a country’s financial and economic condition. The market for shares is a crucial component of the financial system and a catalyst for industrial growth. Since share prices are extremely sensitive to changes in the economic and political arenas, they serve as a window into how a nation’s economy is doing. Additionally, company investment as well as economic expansion may be directly impacted by stock market volatility. With the rise in F.I.I investment, the two main issues of return and volatility have taken on greater significance for Indian Investors, regulators, brokers, policymakers, dealers, and researchers. Analyzing how Sectoral listings influence the pricing of certain companies is one of the study’s main goals. The data utilized throughout this probe are secondary. The current research is centered on industrialization and Sectoral analysis. The researcher examined the stock returns and the effects of certain firms from the NSE Sectoral Indices using a variety of statistical methodologies. From the standpoint of an investor, these research results might prove highly beneficial for assisting them in deciding what type of derivative to buy in particular those with a wider range and yield greater financial success.