International Journals
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Item PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ENDOLICHENIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM HYPOTRACHYNA INFIRMA (KUROK.) HALE(International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022-08) Gokilavani, R; Banu, H.RThe aim of this study is to investigate of phytopharmaceutical importance of endolichenic fungi isolated from Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.) Hale. Methods: The lichen species were collected from Sholaiyar hills, Coimbatore and identified as Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.)Hale. From this lichen, 29 endolichenic fungi were isolated and 13 endolichenic fungi were identified. From the identified endolichenic fungi, 26 extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction methods using Ethyl acetate and chloroform. Results: The phytochemical study revealed the presence of important constituents like Alkaloids, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Phenols, Protein, Terpenoids, Steroids, Glycosides Flavonoids and Saponins. From the 13 endolichenic fungi, only 5 endolichenic fungi (Nigrospora oryzae (Berkand Broome)Petch, Geotrichum candidum Link, Scytalidium lignicola pesante, Aspergillus oryzae(Ahlb.) cohn, Aspergillus niger Gr.) have more constitutents. These 5 endolichenic fungi have good results in Quantitative analysis also. Conclusion: Compared to ethyl acetate extracts Chloroform extracts showed very less concentration of the phytochemicals. From this study we conclutated Nigrospora oryzae (Berk and Broome) Petch gave the best results in both qualitative and quantitative compared to other endolichenic fungi.Item SLOW-GROWTH CONSERVATION- CRYOPRESERVATION AND ANALYSIS OF GENETIC STABILITY OF IN VITRO REGENERATED COELOGYNE NERVOSA A.RICH A ENDEMIC ORCHID(International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021-06) B S, Chithra Devi; A, Sangilimuthu; V, DaanyaCoelogyne Nervosa A. Rich., an endangered medicinal epiphyte (lithophyte) is a strict endemic of the Western Ghats distributed across Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. KC medium supplemented with 2,4-D is best suited for direct embryo induction from 80 days old protocorms. Hormone-free KC basal medium supported the conversion of somatic embryos into complete plantlets. For the medium-term storage experiment, somatic embryos were placed on storage media containing various growth inhibitors (such as different levels of chlormequat, maleic hydrazide and paclobutrazol). They were stored for ten months to assess the percentage of survival. The surviving shoots were transferred to the recovery medium for eight weeks. At 8°C, the highest survival rate was observed with ABA at 0.2 mg L−1. For cryopreservation: droplet-vitrification best results were obtained when the somatic embryos, after 20 days of subculture were immersed in an osmoprotectant solution. Osmo-protected samples were immersed in PVS2 (15% ethylene glycol and 15% DMSO) at 0°C for 30 min. Pre-prepared Somatic embryos were plunged into cryovials for one day. Regrowth levels were as high as 70%. DNA samples extracted from leaves of the mother plant, somatic embryos without storage, regenerates of slow growth preservation and cryopreservation. The samples were analysed by DNA based molecular marker – inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and found no genetic changes during the cryopreservation process.Item QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ECBOLIUMVIRIDE (FORSK) MERRILL. AND JUSTICIA GENDARUSSABURM. F.(International Journal of Current Trend Research, 2013) S, Subhashini; T V, Poonguzhali; V, Madha sureshIn ethnomedicinal practices, the traditional healers use Ecbolium viride and Justicia gendarussa in the treatment of various ailments. Scientific parameters are used to identify the true plant material and to ensure its quality. Therefore, the present work has been undertaken to establish preliminary quantitative phytochemical profile. The powder of the two plants have shown the presence of tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, protein, flavonoids, saponins anthraquinones, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols, steroids, are predominantly present which terpenoids, tannin and flavonoids are of medicinal importance.Item STUDIES ON IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTY OF ECBOLIUM VIRIDE (FORSK) MERRILL(International Journal of Current Science, 2012) S, Subhashini; T V, PoonguzhaliEcbolium viride an indigenous plant of Eastern India, its known for anti-inflammatory and anti-helmintic property. It was analyzed for its antimicrobial property. The antibacterial property of methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform of E. viride was studied against different bacteria include Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Micrococcus luteus. The antifungal property of methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of Ecbolium viride was studied against different fungus which includes Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity using in vitro well diffusion method at concentrations ranging of 250-1000 μg/mL. Inhibitory zones were pronounced in methanol. Maximum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was tested using broth dilution method at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 μg/mL. Significant antibacterial and antifungal activity was observed in methanol extract of E. viride leavesItem EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLISM ON NUTRITION AND RECOVERY USING NUTRITION MANAGEMENT IN ROMA TOWNSHIP- LUSAKA(Eureka Journals, 2023) Sakthivel R; Subhashini SAlcohol is a product that has provided a variety of functions for people throughout all history. From the ancient times to the modern world, alcohol has played ansignificantrole in religion and worship. In the past, alcoholic beverages have been provided as sources of requirednutrients and have been widely utilizedas for their medicinal, antiseptic and analgesic properties. The aim and objective of this project was to look at nutritional problems created by consumption of alcoholic beverages, to look at the effect of alcohol on vitamins and to show how ones genes will affect their response to alcohol. This research was conducted in Serenity Harm Reduction Program Zambia (SHARPZ).Item PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ENDOLICHENIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM HYPOTRACHYNA INFIRMA (KUROK.) HALE(Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd, 2022) Gokilavani, R; H, Rehana BanuThe aim of this study is to investigate of phytopharmaceutical importance of endolichenic fungi isolated from Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.) Hale.The lichen species were collected from Sholaiyar hills, Coimbatore and identified as Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.)Hale. From this lichen, 29 endolichenic fungi were isolated and 13 endolichenic fungi were identified. From the identified endolichenic fungi, 26 extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction methods using Ethyl acetate and chloroform.The phytochemical study revealed the presence of important constituents like Alkaloids, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Phenols, Protein, Terpenoids, Steroids, Glycosides Flavonoids and Saponins. From the 13 endolichenic fungi, only 5 endolichenic fungi (Nigrospora oryzae (Berkand Broome)Petch, Geotrichum candidum Link, Scytalidium lignicola pesante, Aspergillus oryzae(Ahlb.) cohn, Aspergillus niger Gr.) have more constitutents. These 5 endolichenic fungi have good results in Quantitative analysis also.Item ISOLATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PLANTGROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA(PGPR) FROM BANANA RHIZOSPHERESOIL AND ITS IMPACT ON PLANT GROWTHPROMOTION (VIGNA RADIATA)(2019-06) K, Dhivya; K, GajalakshmiPlant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)are free living soil microorganisms that exertbeneficial effects on plants. In the present studybacterial strains were isolated from Bananarhizosphere soil. These strains were characterizedbased on morphological and biochemical studiesand identified as Bacillus spp. From the isolatedBacterial strain their Plant Growth PromotingHormones such as IAA production, GAproduction and Phosphate solubilization activitywas analysed. The culture filtrate of this bacteriumwas bio assayed on Vigna radiata and found that itsignificantly promotes the growth of the plant.Item MARKER AIDED INTROGRESSION OF STEM RUST RESISTANCE GENES TO DEVELOP DURABLE WHEAT VARIETIES(Innovative Farming, 2019-12-27) R, Nisha; M, Sivasamy; K, Gajalakshmi; P, Shajitha; John Peter; E, Punniakotti; V K, VikasWheat is one of the most important cereal crops for food security and rust diseases continually pose a threat to wheat production at national and international level. Resistant cultivars are the economical, most reliable, environmentally safest and sustainable way to manage the rust diseases. Most of the rust resistance genes are all stage resistance (ASR) and therefore succumb to new variants of the respective pathogen soon after their deployment. Deployment of ASR genes does not often provide durable resistance, whereas adult plant resistance (APR) genes have small to intermediate effects when present alone. Same time, high and durable rust resistance could be achieved by combining the APR and ASR genes together. Selection of two or more genes in a single genotype can be difficult using conventional selection system. In such a scenario, phenotype neutral selection based on marker-trait association becomes inevitable. Stem rust has been a major threat to wheat production in the recent days. Sr2, a minor stem rust resistance gene was introgressed together with a major stem rust resistance gene Sr36 in the background of two popular wheat varieties, ‘Lok-1’ and ‘Raj 4083’. As the minor gene Sr2 alone cannot provide adequate resistance to stem rusts, major gene Sr36 was pyramided along with it. Marker assisted selection using microsatellite markers gwm533 and stm773-2 linked to Sr2 and Sr36 were performed in the BC1F1, BC1F2 and BC1F3 generations for the successful pyramiding of these genes. The microsatellite markers eased the process of identification of lines carrying the introgressed genes. Both phenotype and genotype data confirmed the co-presence of Sr2 and Sr36 genes. These lines with the two highly effective genes should be more useful for developing durable stem rust resistant wheat cultivars.Item EVALUATION OF PLANT EXTRACTS ON BIOFILM(IDOSI Publications, 2016) P, Ruban; K, GajalaksmiA biofilm is any group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface and plant derived products or drugs have been used since time immemorial in health care for treatments of a variety of infectious diseases In this study, aqueous extract from different plants (Azadirachta indica, atharanthus roseus, Tectona grandis) were investigated for antimicrobial activity. The microorganism tested were Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All species showed some antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 50 µl concentration, zone of inhibition (MIC) such as 28.2, 31, 35 mm. This study showed that these plant species could be useful sources for new antimicrobials.Item HERITABILITY, CORRELATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS FOR MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN WHEAT(DR P R YADAV, 2015-01-01) K, Gajalakshmi; M, Sivasamy; P, Shajitha; P, NishaHeritability, inter-relationship and path coefficient studies were performed in ten bread wheat genotypes in the background of (Lok-1, MACS2496, NI5439, NIAW 34, PBW 226, PBW 343, PBN 51, PBW 502, WH542 and WH147) carrying yield potential gene Lr19/Sr25 along with rust resistance. Very high broad sense heritability was estimated for all the morphological characters studied. Grains per spike exhibited highest heritability value of 99.4% while tillers per plant showed minimum value of 90%. Genotypically plant heights, spike length, spikelets per spike, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight were positively and significantly correlated with tillers per plant while highly significantly associated phenotypically. Flag leaf area was positively but non-significantly associated with grain yield; whereas, fertile tillers per plant was negatively and nonsignificantly correlated with grain yield. Plant height, flag leaf area, spike length and grains per spike had positive direct effects on grain yield. While fertile tillers per plant, spikelets per spike and 1000-grain weight exhibited negative direct effects on grain yield. The traits having positive direct effects on grain yield are considered to be suitable selection criteria for evolving high yielding genotypes.