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    ACTIVATED CARBON FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS AN ADSORBENT: ADSORPTION OF (R.ORANGE 3R) DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION (Abstract Only)
    (Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 2005-01) Sameena, Y; Thangmani, K S; Madhavakrishnan; Pattabhi, S
    Activated carbon (AC) prepared from silk cotton hull was used to remove textile dye (R. Orange 3R) from aqueous solution by adsorption under different conditions, such as agitation time, adsorbent dosage, pH and dye concentration. The time required to attain equilibrium was found to be 60 min for all the concentrations studied (5 to 20 mg/L). Adsorption followed both Langmuir and Fruendlich isotherms. The present removal was decreased with increase in pH. The adsorption capacity was found to be 27.54 mg/g of AC at a pH of 2 ± 0.2 at room temperature (30 ± 2°C) for the particle size of 125-250μm. Adsorption capacity was depend on pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage and initial dye concentration.
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    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANISATIONAL VALUE ADDITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE IN AN INDIAN PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING UNIT AND ITS SUPPLY CHAIN: A LONGITUDINAL CASE STUDY
    (Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, 2005-10-03) Arivalagan, A; Sudhakar, B
    Organisations that improve 'value addition' by implementing several initiatives do not verify impact of these initiatives have on environment. The modern sustainability era, demands elimination of environmental impacts, i.e., a positive correlation is expected between value addition and environmental performance on long term basis. Many studies on Corporate Sustainability Management, based on the data at one point of time, did not examine above said relationship. This paper discusses the relationship between value addition and environmental sustainability using ten years data of an Indian Paper Mill. Analysis of the data reveals that there is a negative correlation between value addition and environmental sustainability over the ten-year period.
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    ANTICORROSION PERFORMANCE OF SOME ARYLIDENE-5-PYRAZOLONES FOR MILD STEEL IN SULPHURIC ACID
    (Bulletin of Electrochemistry, 2005-05) Selvaraj, A; Sudha, K; Anuradha, R; Parameswari, K
    5-Pyrazolone and four of its 4-arylidene derivatives were synthesized from acetoacetic ester, hydrazine hydrate and aromatic aldehydes, and evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel by weight loss method, gasometry, polarization measurements and impedance studies. Piperonalidene pyrazolone showed the best results among all the compounds tested even at low concentrations. The compounds act as mixed type inhibitors and their adsorption on steel surface obeys the Langmuir isotherm. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behaviour of steel showed that the inhibition efficiency decreases with increase in temperature (303-333K). Ea and ΔG ads were determined. The synergistic effect due to I- ions on one of the aryldene pyrazolone has also been noted.
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    EFFECT OF FORMAZANS ON THE CORROSION INHIBITION OF MILD STEEL IN 1M SULFURIC ACID
    (Bulletin of Electrochemistry, 2005-06) Selvaraj, A; Anuradha, R; Sudha, K; Subramanian, Chitra
    The effect of formazans as a new class of corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion of mild steel in H2SO4 has been investigated by various techniques. The results obtained reveal that all the compounds gave a maximum inhibition efficiency of 98-99% at 0.5-10.0 mM concentrations of the inhibitors. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that the inhibition was under mixed control. Adsorption on the mild steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Values of the activation and free energy of adsorption are presented.
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    ACTIVATED CARBON FROM INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE AS AN ADSORBENT FOR THE REMOVAL OF RHODAMINE-B FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: KINETIC AND EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES
    (Elsevier, 2005-08) Kadirvelu, K; Karthika, C; Vennilamani, N; Pattabhi, S
    The activated carbon was prepared using industrial solid waste called sago waste and physico-chemical properties of carbon were carried out to explore adsorption process. The effectiveness of carbon prepared from sago waste in adsorbing Rhodamine-B from aqueous solution has been studied as a function of agitation time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and desorption. Adsorption equilibrium studies were carried out in order to optimize the experimental conditions. The adsorption of Rhodamine-B onto carbon followed second order kinetic model. Adsorption data were modeled using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity Q0 was 16.12 mg g−1 at initial pH 5.7 for the particle size 125–250 μm. The equilibrium time was found to be 150 min for 10, 20 mg l−1 and 210 min for 30, 40 mg l−1 dye concentrations, respectively. A maximum removal of 91% was obtained at natural pH 5.7 for an adsorbent dose of 100 mg/50 ml of 10 mg l−1 dye concentration and 100% removal was obtained when the pH was increased to 7 for an adsorbent dose of 275 mg/50 ml of 20 mg l−1 dye concentration. Desorption studies were carried out in water medium by varying the pH from 2 to 10. Desorption studies were performed with dilute HCl and show that ion exchange is predominant dye adsorption mechanism. This adsorbent was found to be both effective and economically viable.
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    UTILIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FROM INDUSTRIAL SOLID WASTE FOR THE REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM(VI) IONS FROM SYNTHETIC SOLUTION AND INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT (PDF)
    (SAGE Publications, 2005-03) Vennilamani, N; Kadirvelu, K; Pattabhi, S
    Activated carbon (AC) prepared from sago waste was character-ized and used to remove chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solution andindustrial effluent by adsorption methods using various conditions of agitationtime, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage particle size and pH. Surfacemodification of the carbon adsorbent with a strong oxidizing agent like concen-trated H2SO4 generates more active adsorption sites on the solid surface andpores for metal ion adsorption.Adsorption of the metal ion required a very short time and led to quantitativeremoval. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could describe theadsorption data. The calculated values of Q0and b were 5.78 mg/g and 1.75 1/min,respectively. An effective adsorption capacity was noted for particle sizes in therange 125–250 μm at room temperature (30 ±2°C) and an initial pH of 2.0 ±0.2.The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and itsproperties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These studies revealed that AC prepared fromsago waste is suitable for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from both synthetic andindustrial effluents.
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