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Item THE BIOTRANSFORMATION POTENTIAL OF BACILLUS CEREUS ON Β- CYPERMETHRIN TO PROTECT THE EARTHWORM (PERIONYX EXCAVATUS) ON INSECTICIDE -CONTAMINATED SOIL(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Mathiyazhagan, Narayanan; Jimmandiyur, Mathappan Murugan; Gajendiran, Kandasamy; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy; Manikandan, RajendranThe pre-isolated B. cereus had shown better β-cypermethrin resistance at 100 mg L−1 dosage in the Mineral Salt Medium (MSM). Hence, it was applied for the biodegradation study on MSM. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the B. cereus had the potential to degrade β-cypermethrin and metabolize it into six predominant less or nontoxic components (benzene, 1-ethyl−3-methyl-, ethanethiol, 2-(dimethylamino)-, 1-(2-acetoxyethyl)-3,6-diazahomoadamantan-9-one, silane, 9-anthracenyltrimethyl-, 1-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-3,6-,fumaric acid). Based on this biodegradation potential, four experimental groups, namely A, B, C, D and control, were framed and the biodegradation potential of B. cereus on β-cypermethrin and interaction with P. excavates were studied. Group C, which includes B. cereus and 10 P. excavates under β-cypermethrin stress excavates positive survival interaction. It was confirmed by the presence of metabolites such as benzene, 1-ethyl-3-methyl-, ethanethiol, 2-(dimethylamino)- and 1-(2-acetoxyethyl)-3,6-diazahomoadamantan-9-one, in P. excavates. Furthermore, these were similar to the metabolites of β-cypermethrin degraded by B. cereus. These results conclude that the biodegradation potential of B. cereus can protect the life of P. excavates from β-cypermethrin toxicity and thus, can support the balancing of soil fertility, structure and soil biotas such as flora and fauna.Item SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL GROWTH OF CADMIUM NAPHTHOATE CRYSTAL FOR SECOND ORDER NON-LINEAR OPTICS AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Natarajan, Arunadevi; Ponnusamy, Kanchana; Venkatesan, Hemapriya; Shanmuga Sundari, Sankaran; Mehala, MayilsamyA new organometallic crystal diaquo-di(2-hydroxy-1-naphthoate)-cadmium(II) was synthesized by slow evaporation method and characterized for optical, spectral, thermal and biological applications. Single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the crystal structure was monoclinic with C2 space group. The crystal perfection and atomic packing of the grown crystal were also analyzed. The presence of functional groups and different vibrational modes were studied from IR spectra. Various decomposition stages and thermal stability of the grown crystal was studied from TG-DTA data. Molar conductance and dielectric of the complex were determined. Energy Band gap, refractive index, skin depth and extinction coefficient of the crystal were calculated from UV-Visible absorption studies and by using Kurtz powder method, the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency was examined. In addition, the crystal was investigated for its anticancer activity on lung cancer and breast cancer cells. Using AutoDock Vina software, the binding pattern of the crystal was investigated toward target proteins Leu 862, Glu 793, Trp 796, Gln 858, Tyr 857 and Lys 861.Item PHARMAKINETICS STUDIES, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND DISCOVERY OF ANTI- PROLIFERATIVE AGENTS AND ITS TARGETING EGFR INHIBITORS(Elsevier, 2022-01) Palanisamy, Prakash; Archana, G; Ekambaram, Gayathiri; Vimalraj, Mani; Rengarajan, Manivasagaperumal; Balamurugan, Vinoth; Karlapudi, Abraham Peele; Kuppusamy, Selvam; Anand, Thirupathi; Hissah, Abdulrahman Alodaini; Munirah, Abdullah Al-Dosary; Ashraf, Atef Hatamleh; Soon, Woong Chang; Balasubramani, RavindranAbutilon indicum is a medicinal plant belonging to the Malvaceae family. The current study has been developed to detect Abutilon indicum bio-activity to produce an adequate drug design for cancer. Methods: The objective of this work is to perform molecular docking and dynamics as well as inhibitors and cancer cell line studies of Abutilon indicum would be essentially effective to use current strong medicines from oncology therapies. Results: By Docking best finding binding energy −12.02 kcal/mol (ARG310, ASP323, SER291, THR358, GLU293) amino acid has been found to be immersed in the formation of the hydrogen interaction. This finding also indicates that a range of compounds are ADMET positive drug molecules in cancer studies. Network pharmacology showed that the signal rule ERG, PTEN, NKX31, AR, ETV4, STAT3, PTPN11, CBL, KRAS, EREG, STAT3, GRB2, HRAS, and SHC1, and the axis of DRD2. Molecular simulation trajectories show that RMS deviation profiles were relatively stable during the simulation and it indicated the orientations were created by the docking studies. In cell lines MCF-7, the active compound R-N-1′-methoxycarbonyl-2′-phenylethyl-4-hydroxy benzamide has anticancer inhibitory 76.56% at 100 μg/mL. The ASP323 interaction of EGFR inhibitors interaction molecules were derived that can be successfully used to explain the cancer activities. Conclusion: The results of pharmacodynamic and toxicity for natural organic derived compound and its active results epidermal growth factor receptor for identifying novel drugs for the treatment confirms compound moderate to a good cancer drug.Item SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, PHOTOCATALYTIC AND PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS OF A NOVEL SEMICONDUCTOR CUPBO NANOMATERIAL(Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2021-12-16) Ponnambalam, P; Kamalakkannan, J; Jayaseelan, R; Arokia Doss, M; Selvi, GA new semiconductor CuPbO nanomaterial has been prepared where lead nitrate and copper nitrate were co-precipitated to form this compound. The high-resolution scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that CuPbO possesses a nanobundle flower-like structure. XRD confirmed the occurrence of Cu, Pb & O in the fabricated compound. The size of the nanomaterial is determined for being ~200 nm by high-resolution transmission electron microscopic analysis. The photoluminescence analysis showed the possible electron transfer and crevasses between Cu and PbO causes recombine of electron-hole pairs. The ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectral analysis showed that the nanomaterial has a low band gap energy. The material was found to be a good recyclable photocatalyst in the decomposition of diamond green B dye. As a photoelectrode, CuPbO proved its efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cell applications.Item RESVERATROL-LOADED Β-LACTOGLOBULIN NANOFIBRILS TO PREVENT ENZYMATIC BROWNING ON SLICED APPLE(Applied Food Biotechnology, 2022-01-01) Praveetha, Senthilkumar; Vladimir, Shavrov; Peter, Lega; Ramesh, SubramaniBackground and Objective: Resveratrol is a polyphenol with nutraceutical health benefits used as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory with cardio protective effects. However, resveratrol lacks solubility and bioavailability and is affected by UV light, which decrease its use in food industries. It is possible to overcome these problems by loading resveratrol with appropriate biomaterials. Beta-lactoglobulin is known to form well-defined nanofibrils with various uses. The objective of this study was to use β-lg nanoscaled fibrils to increase bioavailability of resveratrol as well as preserving freshness and preventing enzymatic browning of sliced apples. Material and Methods: Novel composite nanofibrils were prepared by loading resveratrol on Beta-lactoglobulin nanofibrils using simple self-assembly method. Furthermore, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, in-vitro release assay, weight loss, total acidity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity studies were carried out to verify the biochemical sustainable release and bioavailability. Results and Conclusion: Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images showed the formation of well-defined composite nanofibrils with an average aspect ratio of 1000; as shown in other studies. In-vitro release assay revealed that resveratrol was successfully loaded on nanofibrils due to possible hydrogen bonding interactions and other non-covalent linkages. The highest encapsulation efficiency of 61.1% was achieved using low concentrations of resveratrol (10mg in 1ml), whereas encapsulation efficiency of 48.3% was achieved for high concentrations of resveratrol (20mg in 1ml). The assessed weight loss, total acidity, color, total phenolic content and antioxidant activities showed ~50% increases in the shelf-life and prevention of enzymatic browning due to improved bioavailability of resveratrol. The current study could successfully demonstrate antioxidant potency of resveratrol in sliced apples and help better protections against ageing. The formula can be used as a protective layer on high-value food products such as fruits susceptible to deteriorative conditionsItem NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF CU–ZNO HETEROSTRUCTURE FOR PHOTOELECTRIC, MEDICINAL, AND SUN-LIGHT DYE DEGRADATIVE APPLICATIONS(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022-03-09) Ponnambalam, P; Kamalakkannan, J; Jayaseelan, R; Selvi, GThe prepared nano ZnO and Cu-doped ZnO nanocomposite materials were prepared by the sol–gel method and were employed as photocatalysts for the degradation of Cu-doped ZnO dye in aqueous solution. The nanocomposite material was characterized by HR-SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, PL, and UV-DRS. The HR-SEM, HR-TEM, and XRD analysis studies illustrated that Cu-doped ZnO is a nanoflower and spherical-shaped structure. The PL and DRS results showed low intensity and low band gap energy, indicating high efficiency of the photocatalyst by doped material. This doped material has high degradation of Rhodamine 6G dye, which was 92%, and that of ZnO was 77%, and the prepared catalyat was stable and reusable. Other applications of DSSC, CV, and antibacterial activity were recognized and studied further.Item INSILICO AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTY ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS FROM PRUNUS AVIUM AGAINST DIABETICS(Informatics Publishing Limited, 2023-02-02) Veerapandi, L; Nivetha, T; Sinthiya, R; Karunyah Amirthadharshini, N; Bumaasri, K; Aishwarya, RDiabetes is a common metabolic disorder, which effects people across all cultures globally. Lifelong distress is the cause of this disease which has no cure as of now. Various medications available in the market are too expensive and not easily affordable by all. Rural people rely on plant based Ayurvedic medications to heal diabetes as these contain anti-diabetic compounds. These phytoconstituents/anthocyanin derivatives work with several mechanisms that involve phytoconstituent interactions and target molecules in diabetic metabolism. Molecular docking analysis aids in finding out the interaction between receptors and ligands to identify the finest interaction which suits the target. In this case, the study proposed examining the bonding interactions of anti-diabetic compounds/anthocyanin derivatives derived from medicinal plants (Pelargonidin, Cyanidin, Delphinidin, Peonidin, Petunidin, Quercetin and pancreatic alpha-amylase (4X9Y)) with the help of the computational tool. ADME/T test helps decide different pharmacological and physicochemical analysis of lead atoms, degree of adsorption inside the cell, digestion rate, solvency, blood cerebrum boundary penetrability, cancer-causing nature and so on, which are the significant essentials prior to advertising a medication. Peonidin and Quercetin was proposing the best interactions. Nonetheless, to discover a better cure for diabetes, further in-vitro/ in vivo studies have to be carried out.Item SYNTHESIS OF ECO-FRIENDLY NANOCOMPOSITE WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLE TO INCREASE THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY(Elsevier, 2022) Sheeba, Maxwalt; Kumutha, Rahupathy; Siva Nandhini, Suresh; Ramesh, Subramani; Charumathi, PushparajNanomaterials are widely used as antifungal/antibacterial agents in numerous fields including cosmetics, therapeutics, diagnostics, food and other chemical industries. These nanomaterials are synthesized using various approaches; however, the use of chemical methods is leading to toxic and non-eco-friendly products, hence, there is an urge to prepare the nanomaterials free of toxicity. In this study, we synthesized and characterized the plant mediated silver nanoparticles-based composites using Cissus quandrangularis and Ocimum tenuiflorum. These eco-friendly nanoparticles were encapsulated with natural polymers and characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR and Scanning Electron Microscopy. In addition, synthesized nanocomposites were evaluated for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sps) bacteria showed higher antibacterial activity. These eco-friendly nanocomposites may be used as antimicrobial packaging materials, wound dressings and grafting applications.Item THE ROLE OF INTERIOR AND CLOSURE OPERATOR IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS(Turkish World Mathematical Society Journal of Applied and Engineering Mathematics, 2022) Sasikala, D; Divya, A; Jafari, SIn this paper, we consider the interior and closure operator as topological tools to apply in divisor cordial labeling. We investigate the properties related to the path with certain examples in a divisor cordial graphic topology. This concept is utilized in human blood circulation path and the results are analyzed.Item A TWO-STEP STRATEGY TO SYNTHESIS NEW AMINOGUANIDINIUM COMPLEXES: CYTOTOXIC EFFECT AND PERSPECTIVES(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022-05-30) Natarajan, Arunadevi; Ponnusamy, Kanchana; Venkatesan, Hemapriya; Mayilsamy, Mehala; Manoharan, SwathikaaThe progress of transition metal complexes having anticancer activity has greater influence in cancer therapy. With the anticipation of investigating the anticancer activity and property of the transition metal complexes, Ni(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II) metal complexes of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2NA)/2-hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid (2H1NA) with aminoguanidine of ratio 1:1:2 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic studies like IR, UV–Vis, Thermal analysis, powder XRD, molar conductivity measurements, antimicrobial, and anticancer studies. Simple salts of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2NA)/2-hydroxy-1-naphthoic acid (2H1NA) with aminoguanidine were also prepared in different ratios viz, 1:1 and 1:2. It is characterized by spectroscopic measurements IR, UV, TG-DTA, powder XRD, molar conductivity measurements, and cytotoxic effects were also studied. Nanometal oxides of zinc complexes were prepared and surface morphological studies were investigated. The functional groups were confirmed from IR spectroscopy data. Band gap energies of all the synthesized compounds were calculated from UV–Visible spectroscopy. Various decomposition steps and the thermal stability of the compounds were determined from thermal analysis. From the molar conductivity measurements, it is confirmed that the compounds are electrolytes. SEM and TEM images confirm the rod and hexagonal shape of the respective nanometal oxides. The complexes and nanometal oxides show significant activity against antimicrobials like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus fumigates. The results of present research show that, the synthesized ligands and metal complexes at lower concentration predominantly shows higher cytotoxic activity against cancer cellular lines like MCF-7 and A-549 (human breast cancer cells and human lung cancer cells, respectively). DFT computational studies were carried out using GAUSSIAN 09 W software to understand the bonding mode and chemical parameters of the complexes were calculated using frontier molecular orbital studies.