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    ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COPPER NANOMATERIALS: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
    (Elsevier, 2022-01-19) Bhuvaneshwari V; Ramasamy N.K; Kumar S.I; Kalaivani S; Vaidehi D; Kumar D.K
    Copper (Cu) is an essential element in governing the health of major organisms such as plants, animals, and human beings. Recently eco-friendly problem-solving methods have drawn considerable attention as they are simple and viable, alternative to numerous physical and chemical methods. A wider application and utilization of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have gained momentum as an eco-friendly approach to solve numerous problems. Among the NPs, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) or copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) have a specialized role, and their use in nanobiotechnology as fertilizers to improve nutrition in the soil for sustainable crop development is also important. Cu-based agro-chemicals have traditionally been used in agriculture to maintain the nutrition and health status of the plants. Biological synthesis of CuNPs/CuONPs using plant extracts and microbial extracts, which showed better antimicrobial potential in inhibiting the growth of plant bacterial and fungal pathogens, was discussed in this chapter. The mechanistic impact of CuNPs/CuONPs against the pathogenic microorganisms of crops was also discussed.
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    PHYTOSTABILIZATION OF METAL MINE TAILINGS—A GREEN REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY
    (Elsevier, 2022) Lavanya, Muthusamy; Manikandan, Rajendran; Kavitha, Ramamoorthy; Mathiyazhagan, Narayanan; Sabariswaran, Kandasamy
    Mine tailings are the main source of environmental pollution due to the containing high concentration of heavy metals in the tailings, which cause a serious health threat to humans and animals. The toxic metals in mines are rapidly releasing into the nearby groundwater and agricultural soils causing various environmental and health problems in the mining area. Therefore, mine tailings need suitable techniques to reduce the release of heavy metals and their remediation technology. To date, numerous physical and chemical techniques have been applied for the remediation of heavy metals in contaminated water and soils, these techniques are expensive and applicable on small scale. Phytoremediation is one of the most promising, cost-effective, and eco-friendly technology for the removal of heavy metals from the polluted environment. In this chapter, we emphasize the environmental and health impacts of mine tailings and a potential method of removal and reduction of leaching toxic metals in mine tailings via green remediation technology.