Department of English

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ANAPHORA AS A DEVICE IN SELECT POEMS OF CHAOBA PHURITSHABAM
(Bodhi International Journal of Research in Humanities, 2018-04) A, Dhanalakshmi; A, Elakkiya
North-east India has been a victim of colonial invasion as well as of the ethnic conflicts because of its geographical isolation. The region consists of the seven sister states which were the princely states before they merged with India. The North-east region has been facing a lot of struggles since when it merged with the Indian sub-continent in 15th October,1949 which lead to the Second World War. Hence, literature from the North-east India largely deals with violence. It is the predominant theme of all the literary works of art produced from the region. There is a clash among the diverse ethnic groups claiming for autonomy. The secessionist movements and the armed insurgencies are playing a major role in the conflict and violence. The native people have been deprived of their fundamental rights, needs and they are forced live under domination and suppression. Women are doubly marginalised by the male colonizers and also by their own native men. The people express their plight, sufferings and emotions through literature. This paper aims to bring about the postcolonial aspects and its effects using a literary device, Anaphora, in select poems of the Manipuri woman poet, Chaoba Phuritshabam from Tattooed with Taboos An Anthology of Poetry by Three Women from Northeast India.
ANIMAL SLAUGHTER AND MEAT CULTURE IN JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER’S EATING ANIMALS
(International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), 2022-05) Snigdha S; Gomathi S
Rapid advancement in science and technology and a shift in the dietary habits of the world population have increased the rate of animals slaughtered for meat. Animal slaughter and factory farming are practices that can lead to devastating environmental consequences throughout the globe. The history of ‘meat culture’ among a huge number of people can be traced back to the period of industrialization. Over the ages, meat has become an indispensable part of our diet. Jonathan Safran Foer, an American novelist and non-fiction writer, tries to address the issue of animal slaughter and meat culture in his book, Eating Animals. He also points to the ecological consequences of meat consumption, its adverse effects on humans, the selective nature of eating meat, the abuse of animals for meat etc. This paper focuses on how Foer has highlighted the issue of animal slaughter and carnism in his non-fiction, Eating Animals.
THE ART AND EDIFICE OF CHILDREN’S LITERATURE: A PERSPECTIVE WITH REFERENCE TO E.B.WHITE’S CHARLOTTE’S WEB
(2022) Jayasree R
Literature is a mirror of life as it helps the people to know various aspects of life. The current generation is growing up in the midst of a moment of rapid, dramatic and societal change. Children's literature is important because it helps them develop their personalities and social skills. Children's books may help them grow into compassionate, clever and pleasant persons throughout their formative years since they are so impressionable. Children's literature gives a writer a wider scope and freedom to impress, mould and guide the budding buds of tomorrow. Elwyn Brooks White was a writer from the United States who has written numerous successful children's books, including Stuart Little (1945), Charlotte's Web (1952), and The Trumpet of the Swan (1970). Charlotte's Web is an amazing classic and it inadvertently gives the readers a glimpse into rural American life in the late 1940s. This paper focuses on the meaning of true friendship, love, life's adventures, miracles, death, trust, betrayal, sorrow and the passing of time in Elwyn Brooks White’s Charlotte's Web.
CHANDRA LEKHA IN HE WHO RIDES A TIGER BY BHABANI BHATTACHARYA
(Language in India, 2009-09-09) J, Madhumitha; Poornavalli Mathiaparanam
Bhabani Bhattacharya is successful in portraying woman characters. Bhattacharya presents the picture of Indian woman full of vitality, high ideals and a ray of hope for humankind. Usually his novels depict different types of alienated woman characters, who seem to be at war with both the Self and the Society. Likewise, in his novel He who Rides a Tiger, Bhattacharya portrays the woman character Chandra Lekha to reveal his affirmative vision of life.
CHANGING PHASES OF WOMEN IN BUCHI EMECHETA’S THE JOYS OF MOTHERHOOD
(Eclectic Representations, a peer-reviewed biannual journal. Vol :3 Issue 2 PG & Research Department of English, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), Tambaram, Chennai - 600 059. India, 2013-07) Lavanya S
The paper proposes to analyse the metamorphoses of the Nigerian society with special focus on the change of woman’s identity as the cultural locus shifts, regarding women’s space and place as the society evolves from traditional to colonial and post-colonial status. The life of three generations of women is discussed. The change in the cultural and societal norms and its impact on the life of women is exemplified. One of Emecheta’s finest novel The Joys of Motherhood, is set in a time of great political and economic change in Nigeria. The characters in this novel define validity of their womanhood solely by the success of their children. The Joys of Motherhood is the story of a Young Ibo woman who dreams of living a traditional life as a mother of many children. She spends her life in Lagos, Nigeria watching traditional values erode and being destroyed by Western influence. The hope she puts in having many children turns out to be misplaced and her entire life is simply a struggle for survival, with no reward in her old age.
CHILDREN OF IRON: RESISTANCE AGAINST APARTHEID IN JOHN MAXWELL COETZEE'S AGE OF IRON
(GJRA- Global Journal for Research Analysis, 2017-01) Madhumitha J; Lavanya S
South African countries were dominated by the European powers under the system of Colonialism and Apartheid. They separated the native people in terms of race under which their rights were severely limited. The white people created an identity that they belong to the superior race and the native people belong to the lower strata of the society. They were segregated in terms of their skin colour. They also created an opinion that the native people are savages and a white man's duty is to correct them, so they imposed violence and inhumane practices to subdue them. The colonisers exploited them and forced the native people to attend separate schools and hospitals. In their homeland these native people were treated like slaves. The brutality of apartheid was very severe so that people fought with strong determination to obtain independence. Even small children involved themselves in the independence struggle. Due to the efforts taken by the leaders South Africa regained its freedom.
COLONIAL DISCOURSE AND MARGINALISATION IN JAMES BARTLEMAN’S A MATTER OF CONSCIENCE
(IJARIIE, 2023) Anusha R; Gomathi S
Orientalism is affiliated with the representation of Self or Occident and the Other or Orient in which the Self is privileged and has the upper hand to exercise power, to define, reconstruct the passive, silent and weak Other. According to Edward Said, “Other” is the false image of the Orient fabricated by Western thinkers in contrast with the civilized West. He is of the belief that colonialism persists in the colonized nations in the form of racism, chaos, and violence even after decolonization. James Bartleman, Canadian author, and a member of the Chippewas of Mnjikaning First Nation through his works of non-fiction and trilogy of social justice novels, provides the readers an awareness of indigenous history and thus helps in the decolonization of the mind of natives. Through the characters in this novel the writer draws attention to the voicelessness of Indigenous people and persisting colonial mindset among people of Canada. The paper focuses on the postcolonial understanding of the novel “A Matter of Conscience” in the light of Said’s Orientalism. The postcolonial concept of “Self” and “Other” has been used to contrast the settlers and indigenous community in the novel
CONFIGURATION OF MEMORY IN EDWIDGE DANTICAT’S BREATH, EYES MEMORY
(Paripex-Indian Journal of Research, Vol 6 (3), 2017-03) T, Poornamathi Meenakshi; Sushil Mary Mathews
Memory is the ability to recall or remember information or events in the past. This is carried out through three distinct processes such as encoding, storage and retrieval. Memory plays a significant role in the narratives of Edwidge Danticat, a Caribbean-American Diasporic writer. The protagonists in Danticat's novels are very much influenced by their past and its memories. These memories act both as a preserver and destroyer of life in her novels. In Breath, Eyes, Memory, it acts as a destroyer. The protagonist Sophie is haunted by the memories of 'testing' and her mother Martine is obsessed with nightmares of rape. This paper attempts to study the impact of memory on the psyche of Danticat's characters.
CONFINEMENT AND STRUGGLE FOR LIBERATION IN JOHN MAXWELL COETZEE'S LIFE AND TIMES OF MICHAEL K
(Paripex - Indian Journal of Research, 2017-02) Madhumitha J; Lavanya S
The African countries were colonised by the European countries and they segregated the native people under apartheid system. The colonial rule suppressed the native people so they fought vigorously to obtain independence. Human rights were violated by the colonisers and they ill treated the colonised people. During Apartheid era the native people were forced to abandon their homes and made to stay in the camps where they were confined like prisoners. People were forced to work in the factories, estates, farms owned by the colonisers. The camps which they were made to stay were controlled by the colonisers.
CONGLOMERATION OF THE MYSTICAL MINDS OF THE EAST AND THE WEST COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WILLIAM BLAKE’S THE TYGER AND THE LAMBWITH SRI AUROBINO’S THE TIGER AND THE DEER
(POETCRIT (An International Refereeed Bi-annual journal of Literary Criticism & Contemporary Poetry) Vol XXVI No 2, 2013-07) Lavanya S
The paper attempts a comparative study of the poems of Blake and Sri Aurobindo, the representatives of Western and Eastern mysticism respectively. The astonishing fact is that one can locate the answer for the queries raised by Blake in Sri Aurobindo’s poems. Their poems act as beacons to the souls longing for spiritual realization. Life is a journey towards eternity; their poems provide us firm anchors of spirituality to cross the abysmal recurrence of birth and death. No doubt they are like the three Magis guided through the light of the stars to the abode of the heavenly babe. Thus these two great visionary stars in the galaxy of literature showed ways and means to get into the purpose of living.
A CRITIQUE OF THE HOLY WATER – A CULTURAL TRANSLATION OF THE WELL OF THE SAINTS TRANSLATED BY BASAVARAJ NAIKAR
(International Journal of English and Literature (IJEL) Vol. 2 Issue 3 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd.,, 2012-09) Lavanya S
Dr. Basavaraj Naikar has made a unique attempt in retranslating his Kannada translation of J.M Synge’s The Well of the Saints into English. This retendering of this play again into English has enabled the Indian audience to value and relish the Irish play. The aesthetics and the rigidity of the theme are maintained with precision in the translated version. The retranslation has enabled to bridge the cultural in equivalence between the source text and the target text. The Indian audiences have gained the golden opportunity to enjoy the grandeur of the classics within the percepts of their native cultural context due to the yeomen services rendered by Dr. Basavaraj Naikar who has taken great pain to render the classics in simple language so that it would benefit multitudes of people with literary fervor. This paper attempts to analyze the play The Holy Water,as a unique example of retranslation and also as a case study of a cultural translation.
DILEMMA OF THE DISPLACED: BHARATHI MUKHERJEE’S DESIRABLE DAUGHTERS
(Nirmala College for Women, Coimbatore, 2012-03) Lavanya S
Bharati Mukherjee, a critically acclaimed author who has established herself as a renowned writer and has projected the cultural confusion and confrontation of a multi-racial society with precision. The expatriate writers portray a multi-cultural situation which is combined with existential anguish due to identity crisis. The protagonist, who suffers a sense of loss in the hostile social environment, ceaselessly struggles and then at last anticipating change starts the process of reaffirming her native identity. The diasporic situation has created rich possibilities for the understanding of various histories. Their cultural imperatives, interacting with the unknown forces of the new world, create a drama of collaborations of various cultures which the story teller has recorded in the novel.
DYNAMICS OF ID, EGO, AND SUPEREGO IN ADOLESCENCE IN THE PRINCE OF MIST BY CARLOS RUIZ ZAFON.
(EBSCO, 2022-06) Soundharya S.S; Swamy, Sumathy K
This paper addresses various facets of psychological changes observed in adolescence when they are propelled into a dangerous or uncertain situation. Based on Freud's tripartite structure of Ego psychology, the characters are studied concerning their age and other external factors. It also shows the dynamics of the Id, Ego and Superego in three adolescent characters in the novel The Prince of Mist (1993) written by the Spanish novelist Carlos Ruiz Zafon and translated into English by Lucia Graves. The plot is set during the Second World War and the young protagonist Max, his sister Alicia and their friend Roland are stuck in a ballgame unknown to them. While trying to unravel the mystery they face their greatest villain, their fears. These characters witness a series of ill-fated events that forces them to be on edge. The conflict between their moral and realistic visions results in impulsive actions which are examined using the three structures proposed by Sigmund Freud i.e., Id, Ego, and Superego. Copyright of Language in India is the property of Language in India and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.
ECO – MARXIST READING OF MICHAEL ONDAATJE’S IN THE SKIN OF A LION
(Dept of English PSGR Krishnammal College, 2013) S, Lavanya
Eco criticism the latest contemporary literary hermeneutics has assimilated into its trajectory Marxist literary and cultural criticism. The industrial revolution let to the capitalist movement wherein nature and human life is regulated by political control. Environment and the proletariat are exploited by the capitalist mode of production and have been brutally destructed by the authoritative regime which considers environment and human life from a utilitarian and materialistic perspective. In the political modernity “bios’ – environment and ecology is the core of capitalist mode of regulation which becomes key categories of political economy. Environmental crisis arises due to amassing of the green regime- the sustainable energy that vitalizes planetary life. Michael Ondatjee’s In the Skin of a Lion is a historical, literary and cultural text when dealt with a rigorous eco- Marxist analysis reveals the bio-political history of capitalism. Eco criticism deals with the problem that human beings encounter in relation to the environment or milieu in which they live; the environment could be natural or artificial – a city which is constructed by destroying the natural ecosystem. The novel historicizes the creation and development of the city of Toronto in 1920’s. The city comes into being after the destruction of the forest ecosystem, loss of life of the anonymous poor immigrant laborers who are employed in the construction of the landmarks of Toronto city. Thematically the novel is categorized Postcolonial and structurally as postmodern. This paper attempts to bring ecological concerns and immigrant’s status as outsiders under a common platform.
ECO-CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE BOOK OF THE HUNTER BY MAHASWETA DEVI
(International Journal of English and Literature (IJELSpecial issue TJPRC Pvt. Ltd, 2016-06) Lavanya S
Mahasweta Devi is one of the renowned Indian literary personalities, social activist and best-selling author in Bengali fiction. She was born in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 1926. Most of her works are translated into different languages like English, Gujarati and Kannada. She had won many prestigious awards such as Sahitya academy award(1979), Padma Shri(1986), Jnanpith award(1996), Padma Vibhusan(2006) etc.
ECO-MARXISM IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE
(International journal of English Language, Literature and Translation Studies (IJELR) 2Volume : 6, K Y Publishers, 2018-01) Lavanya S; Nithya K
The paper aims at applying Eco-Marxism ideology to The Glass Palace to study the extent of environmental damage and plundering of human resources during the Imperialistic regime of the British in Burma. The novel discusses the large scale lumbering of forests the highly prized timber Burma teak. The novel also highlights the plight of the indentured labourers brought from South India by labour contractors to be employed in petroleum wells and in rubber plantations. The Imperialist created capitalist system to empower their economic status which resulted in social exclusion, poverty, war and environmental degradation
ECOMARXISM IN AMITAV GHOSH’S IBIS TRILOGY
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CREATIVE RESEARCH THOUGHTS - IJCRT (IJCRT.ORG) K Y PUBLISHER, 2018-02) Lavanya S; Vathanam T S
The paper aims at analyzing the novels of Ibis trilogy The Sea of Poppies, River of Smoke and The Flood of Fire from the point of view of Ecomarxist ideology. Ecomarxism deals with the tendency of the capitalist to destroy nature and exploit the marginalized section of society in the process of increasing their profit. The Sea of Poppies explicates the British government forcing the farmers throughout north India to cultivate poppy which makes the staple food costly and results in turning the farmers into indentured labourers. River of Smoke highlights the commercial exploration of acquiring Chinese plants for European trade through the character of Fitcher Penrose. The Flood of Fire deals with the plight of poor Indian soldiers who are recruited to fight for the British in China. These poor soldiers had to pledge their life so that the British could yield more profit by indulging in opium trade. Chinese economy was destroyed by the British government through the opium trade. The import of tea from China was stopped by establishing tea plantations in India. Colonial rulers in their need to expand their trade economy had exploited human rights and denied relationship between people and their land
ECOTOPIA: AN ECOLOGICAL UTOPIA IN MICHAEL ONDAATJE’S THE ENGLISH PATIENT
(Vijay Nicole Imprints Private Limited, 2013-02) Vijayalakshmi T
Environment plays a major role in the critical stages of the life cycle of the species. The species react to the environment changes and adjust structurally and psychologically. The environment also changes according to certain species-specific activities like growth, dispersal, reproduction, death and decay. All living organisms and the environment are mutually reactive, affecting each other in various ways.
EMBRACING MOTHERHOOD AS SEEN IN JODI PICOULT’S MY SISTERS KEEPER
(IJARIIE, 2017-02) Santhosh Priyaa J; Jenosha Preslin S
The role of mother in family bonding Jodi Picoult’s novels are widely acclaimed for her keen insights into human emotions. In her novel,My Sisters Keeper she weaves an emotionally riveting story of a family. It is considered as a tale of pathos, humour and love. The basic premise of the novel is a family trying to save their dying daughter by creating a “saviour sibling” named Anna, who is a thirteen years old, files a law suit for medical emancipation which tears the family apart. Throughout the novel Sara, a desperate mother fights to keep her daughter alive and also tries to hold the family peace through that. My Sisters Keeper is a cosmic tale about relationships and endurance and the ability of physical and psychic toll a desperately sick child imposes on, changes the life of the mother and the family forever.
ENDURANCE THROUGH ASPIRATION: A STUDY OF REFUGEE CRISIS IN ATKA REID AND HANA SCHOFIELD’S GOODBYE SARAJEVO
(JARDCS, 2019) Preethi Ravi; Narasingaram, Jayashree
War is unpredictable, so are its consequences. A siege due to war is a military blockade of a city by one party holding a strong, static and a defensive position through proving their dominance by the usage of their military, economic and political powers. The supressed become refugees and their life is at stake. Goodbye Sarajevo is a memoir which renders the life of Sarajevans under the siege and their journey from Sarajevo as refugees to New Zealand by proving life is possible even after dire circumstances. Charles R. Synder’s Hope theory has been applied to expose the optimism in the natives of Sarajevo as they survive by envisaging hope as the through fare between their dreams and goals.