Department of Botany

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    ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF BULBOPHYLLUM NEILGHERRENSE WT. (ORCHIDACEAE). AN INVITRO STUDY
    (Ancient Science of Life, 2005-12) Priya K; Krishnaveni C
    The antibacterial activity of Bulbophyllum neilgherrense was tested against five species of bacteria, viz., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida Aqueous, ethanolic and chloroform soluble extracts of leaf and pseudobulb (5.50 w/v) were screened for their antibacterial potential. The zone of inhibition was seen to be largest when alcoholic extract was used.
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    EFFECT OF INDIGENOUS DRUGS ON GLUCURONOGLYCAN METABOLISM IN DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVE RABBITS
    (Pub Med, 1993) Kumari K S; Devi K S
    Development of hypertension further exaggerated the deranged level of total glucuronoglycan (GAG), different fractions of GAG, activities of synthetic and degradative enzymes of GAG and biological sulphation observed in diabetic rabbits. Administration of indigenous drug preparations (nisakathakathi Kashayam and rasnairandadi Kashayam and its mixture) ameliorated the diabetic hypertensive condition by reversing these effects and thereby arrested.
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    INVESTIGATIONS ON MARINE ACTINOMYCETES FROM BAY OF BENGAL NEAR GANGAVARAM COAST OF ANDHRA PRADESH.
    (Association of Pharmaceutical Innovators, 2009) Kumari K S; Umadevi K; Apparao Allam
    Bay of Bengal Ocean near Gangavaram coast of Andhra Pradesh, India was investigated as a source of actinomycetes to screen for the production of novel bioactive compounds. During our investigation on marine actinomycetes from 6 different marine samples, a total of 51 actinomycetes with distinct characteristics were isolated by plating on starch casein agar medium. The antimicrobial and enzymatic activities were studied for all the isolates. The preliminary study for antimicrobial activity by cross streak method indicated that 21 isolates (41.1%) have excellent antagonistic properties. All these 21 isolates were subjected to detailed submerged fermentation studies. It was observed that 12 isolates (23.5%) exhibited antibacterial activity, 9 isolates (17.6%) showed antifungal activity while 3 isolates (5.8%) showed both antibacterial and antifungal activities. All the isolates were also subjected for the determination of enzymatic activities. 41 isolates (80.3%) exhibited amylolytic activity while 48 isolates (94.1%) showed proteolytic activity.
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    PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF ENDOLICHENIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM HYPOTRACHYNA INFIRMA (KUROK.) HALE
    (International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022-08) Gokilavani, R; Banu, H.R
    The aim of this study is to investigate of phytopharmaceutical importance of endolichenic fungi isolated from Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.) Hale. Methods: The lichen species were collected from Sholaiyar hills, Coimbatore and identified as Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.)Hale. From this lichen, 29 endolichenic fungi were isolated and 13 endolichenic fungi were identified. From the identified endolichenic fungi, 26 extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction methods using Ethyl acetate and chloroform. Results: The phytochemical study revealed the presence of important constituents like Alkaloids, Tannins, Carbohydrates, Phenols, Protein, Terpenoids, Steroids, Glycosides Flavonoids and Saponins. From the 13 endolichenic fungi, only 5 endolichenic fungi (Nigrospora oryzae (Berkand Broome)Petch, Geotrichum candidum Link, Scytalidium lignicola pesante, Aspergillus oryzae(Ahlb.) cohn, Aspergillus niger Gr.) have more constitutents. These 5 endolichenic fungi have good results in Quantitative analysis also. Conclusion: Compared to ethyl acetate extracts Chloroform extracts showed very less concentration of the phytochemicals. From this study we conclutated Nigrospora oryzae (Berk and Broome) Petch gave the best results in both qualitative and quantitative compared to other endolichenic fungi.
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    PLANT DERIVED EXOSOME- LIKE NANOVESICLES: AN UPDATED OVERVIEW
    (Elsevier B.V, 2023-02) Subha D; Harshnii K; Madhikiruba K.G; Nandhini M; Tamilselvi K.S
    Exosomes are nanovesicles in the size range of 30–150 nm, produced by mammalian and plant cells. They have the lipid bilayer enclosing a unique mix of biologically active components including proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites and lipids, that depend on their source of origin. The plant derived nanovesicles are gaining considerable research attention due to their ability to be absorbed from the dietary sources. Their bioactive components impart many therapeutic properties to them such as anti-tumorigenic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective effects and tissue regeneration. The possibilities of using plant derived exosomes for drug delivery is also promising. This review focusses on the biogenesis and biological nature of exosomes derived from plants and describes their various inherent therapeutic properties. It sheds light on the recently developed methods to study them. The existing challenges in the exosomal research as well as the future prospective are highlighted. Overall, it is an update on the advancements on the research in plant exosomes which can provide a replacement for toxic synthetic drugs and possibilities for disease therapy.
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    PLANT DERIVED EXOSOME- LIKE NANOVESICLES: AN UPDATED OVERVIEW
    (Elsevier, 2023-02) Subha D; Harshnii K; Madhikiruba K G; Nandhini M; Tamilselvi K S
    Exosomes are nanovesicles in the size range of 30–150 nm, produced by mammalian and plant cells. They have the lipid bilayer enclosing a unique mix of biologically active components including proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites and lipids, that depend on their source of origin. The plant derived nanovesicles are gaining considerable research attention due to their ability to be absorbed from the dietary sources. Their bioactive components impart many therapeutic properties to them such as anti-tumorigenic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective effects and tissue regeneration. The possibilities of using plant derived exosomes for drug delivery is also promising. This review focusses on the biogenesis and biological nature of exosomes derived from plants and describes their various inherent therapeutic properties. It sheds light on the recently developed methods to study them. The existing challenges in the exosomal research as well as the future prospective are highlighted. Overall, it is an update on the advancements on the research in plant exosomes which can provide a replacement for toxic synthetic drugs and possibilities for disease therapy.
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    IN VITRO REGENERATION OF PHOLIDOTA PALLIDA LINDL. (ORCHIDACEAE)
    (Indian Journals.com, 2019-07-16) Gladies E Sharone; Krishnaveni T; Devi Chithra B S
    Orchids exhibit a wide range of diversity in forms, size, colour and texture of flowers beyond the imagination of human mind. Orchids grow in nature through seeds but in the absence of appropriate hosts, they do not germinate in adequate number. This obstacle was overcome by adapting tissue culture technique for appropriate germination of orchids. In vitro techniques have been successfully carried out for the mass propagation of orchid plantlets. Hence, a preliminary study was carried out to develop a suitable protocol for mass multiplication of Pholidota pallida. MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium was found to be suitable for the asymbiotic seed germination of Pholidota pallida. MS medium supplemented with IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (Indole-3butyric acid), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and KIN (Kinetin) individually and in combinations induced direct protocorm like bodies. Hormone-free MS basal medium was found suitable for the conversion of PLBs (protocorm-like bodies) into complete plantlets
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    ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES FROM DENDROBIUM CRUMENATUM SW. AND DENDROBIUM NODOSUM DALZELL (ORCHIDACEAE)
    (Indian Journals.com, 2021-01-20) Gladies E Sharone; Mohan K C Dilna; Priya R Lakshmi; Devi B S Chithra
    Orchids rely on specific fungal association for seed germination and early growth. Apart from mycorrhizal fungi within orchid roots, many of the nonmycorrhizal endophytic fungi have also been reported. Although orchids host many non-mycorrhizal fungi in leaves, studies on such fungi especially in tropical and subtropical orchids have been few. The present study established the presence of non-mycorrhizal fungi in leaves of two orchids Dendrobium crumenatum Sw. and Dendrobium nodosum Dalzell. The endophytic colonies were separated from leaf segments and cultured under laboratory conditions for extraction of the DNA. The DNA samples were sequenced using 18S rRNA ITS universal primers and the resultant data was analysed using NCBI BLAST tool. The sequence of the fungus isolated from Dendrobium crumenatum (513bp) showed 95% similarity to Aspergillus flavus and that of Dendrobium nodosum (556bp) had 96% similarity to Rhizopus oryzae
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    IN VITRO REGENERATION OF ARUNDINA GRAMINIFOLIA (D. DON) HOCHR
    (Plant Archives, 2021-04) Sharone gladies E; Chithra Devi B.S
    We can see Orchids come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, colours, and textures far beyond the human mind’s imagination. They emerge from seeds in nature, but in the absence of suitable hosts, they do not germinate in sufficient numbers. This problem was solved by using the tissue culture technique for its germination. One of the successful method used for mass propogation of orchid plantlets is in vitro techniques. Therefore, an initial analysis was conducted in order establish an appropriate procedure for mass multiplication of Arundina graminifolia. MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium was found to be suitable for the asymbiotic seed germination of Arundina graminifolia. Direct protocorm like bodies were induced by using combinations and individual supplement of MS medium with IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid), BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and KIN (Kinetin). Hormone-free MS basal medium was found suitable for the conversion of PLBs (protocorm-like bodies) into complete plantlets
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    BIOACTIVITY OF ENDEMIC ORCHIDS OF WESTERN GHATS; PHOLIDOTA PALLID LINDL AND ARUNDINA GRAMINIFOLIA (D. DON) HOCHR
    (Plant Archives, 2021-04) Sharone gladies E; Chithra Devi B.S
    Pholidota pallida And Arundina graminifolia is an Endemic orchid species belongs to orchidaceae family. It is mainly found in Western Ghats of India. It is used to treat various diseases such as liver affection, wound healing, rheumatism, abdominal pain, ear pain, diabetes etc. The present study is to identify the phytochemicals, Anticancer, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and nanoparticle synthesis from leaves extract of Pholidota pallid and Arundina graminifolia. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Phenols, Sugar, Saponins, Flavonoids, Quinin’s and Steroids. While comparing Pholidota pallida possess more bioactivity than Arundina graminifolia.