Department of Botany
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Item MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF TYPE 1 ACYL COA: DIACYL GLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (DGAT1) GENE IN BRASSICA NAPUS(ST.XAVIER’S College, Palayamkottai, 2019-11-28) Geetha M; Kanchana MOil in the form of triacylglycerols (TAGs) is quantitatively the most important storage form of energy for eukaryotic cells. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is considered the rate-limiting enzyme for TAG accumulation. DGAT1 enzymes (acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase1) catalyse the formation of triacylglycerols (TAGs), the most abundant lipids in vegetable oils. Thorough understanding of the enzymology of oil accumulation is critical to the goal of modifying oilseeds for improved biodiesel production. Brassica napus, one of the world’s most important oil seed crops and is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family). B.napus is promising candidate for biodiesel production. The DNA extracted from selected plant sample and the DGAT gene has amplified through PCR techniques. The PCR amplification product having approximately 1500bp was sequenced edited and searched using BLAST against the known sequences within NCBI databases.Item STANDARDIZATION OF AGROBACTERIUM MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER PROTOCOL IN PARADISE TREE(Rathinam College of arts and science, CBE, 2019-02-27) Geetha M; Kanchana MSimarouba glauca belongs to the family of Simaroubaceae. It is a medium sized evergreen tree and medicinally important plant. Simarouba glauca oil seed is used as an alternative energy to replace fossil fuel. The chemical constituents of Simaroubaare used as antiprotozoal, anti-amebic, antimalarial and it is even toxic to cancer and leukemia cells. In this study, an efficient and improved micro propagation protocol will be developed by the optimization of culture condition using MS medium. Micro-propagation is an effective protocol which gives rapid multiplication in a shoot cycle and it results in increased number of seedlings. The advantage of In vitro propagation is production of pathogen free elite cultivars. In this context the pathogen free plants of their genotype and subsequent phenotypes will be improved by introducing the desired gene through molecular cloning. Since, the time duration taken for the growth of tree is more than 10 years, it could be reduced through genetic engineering by introducing genetically modified elite cultivar. Hence, the present research programme will be a promising initiative for the future development of economically important bio resources. Agrobacterium mediated transformation system is an efficient, harmless, ecofriendly with high transformation efficiency than the other gene delivery system.Item ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING FUNGI FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL(RVS Siddha Medical college and Hospital, 2018-12-07) Sujithra V; Geetha M; Jeeva dharshni S; Kanchana MThe present study is focused on identification and characterization of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. Phosphate solubilization by microbes in soil is an important process for the abundance of phosphate in available format helps in eradication of phosphate deficiency in plants. The dissolution of inorganic phosphate by microbial communities including fungi is though common under in vitro conditions; the performance of phosphate solubilizing microbes in situ has been contradictory. Therefore, acquiring insightful knowledge in plant associated organisms may help in solubilization of mineral phosphorous for easy uptake by the plants. Fungi have the ability to solubilize phosphorous by production of organic acids and are known to have a higher efficiency of solubilization than bacteria. A sterile rhizospheric fungus was isolated from rhizospheric soil of spathoglottisplicata and was found to be dominant with highest phosphate solubilization capacity. The fungus is identified through its morphological features and molecular characterization by partial rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. Based on BLAST search analysis the fungus was found closest homolog to humiculasp, with maximum identity of 98%.Item TEXTILE DYE DEGRADATION BY NEWLY ISOLATED BACTERIA AND DNA ISOLATION ASSOCIATED WITH DYE DEGRADATION(Kongunadu Arts and Science College, CBE., 2017-10-09) Geetha M; Kanchana MA bacterial strain with ability to decolorize or degrade textile dye was isolated from textile effluent contaminated soil of Tripur (Tamil Nadu). The decolorization or degradation studies were performed in Nutrient Agar medium (NA) amended with different textile dye, such as Spectron yellow F3RN, Spectron Navy CLBC and Spectron Rose F3BN. The bacterial strain was identified as Ochrobactrum atrophy on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence. The bacterial strain exhibited very low decolorization ability in static conditions. The optimal condition for the decolorization of three different dye by Ochrobactrum atrophystrain were at pH 7.0 and 35°C in 60 h of incubation. To identify the similarity between the microorganisms, the sequence was submitted in NCBI (national centre for biotechnological information). As a result the Ochrobactrum atrophy sequences of BLAST shows the 90 % similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Lactobacillus jensenii 269-3 and Anoxybacillus sp.UARK-0.Item GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM NYMPHAEA ODORATAROOT EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY(K.S.G. College of Arts and Science, 2018-08-11) Sujithra V; Geetha M; Jeevadharshni S; Kanchana MThe biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. Plant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles is a green chemistry approach that connects nanotechnology with plants. Various techniques used to characterize synthesized nanoparticles are SEM and UV–Visible spectrophotometer. UV–Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in range of 450–550nm. The silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activities of Nymphaea odorataroot extract against both gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli) microorganisms. The synthesized (silverNps) were found to be effective as antimicrobial agents against some important human pathogensItem GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING MESUAFERREALINN FLOWER BUDS AND EVALUTION OF THEIR ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITIES(KSG college of Arts and Science, Coimbatore., 2018-08-11) Jeeva Dharshni S; Gomathi S; Sujithra V; Geetha M; Kanchana MGreen synthesis of nano particles is an emerging branch of nano technology. There is an increasing commercial demand for nano particles due to their wide applicability in various areas, such as electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy and medicine. Metallic nano particles are traditionally synthesized by wet chemical techniques, where the chemicals used are quite often toxic and flammable. In contrast the current study describes a cost effective and environment friendly technique for green synthesis of silver nano particles from 1mM. AgNo3 solution through the extract of species flower bud. Nano particles were characterized by using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, SEM analysis and elementary analysis, showed the average particle size of 46nm-101nm in chloroform extract and 37nm-66nm in ethanol extract as well as revealed their spherical and cubic structures respectively. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles were found to be highly antimicrobial against different multidrug resistant human pathogensItem GREEN SYNTHESIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SILVER NANO PARTICLES USING ROOT OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY(KSG College of Arts and Science, CBE., 2018-08-11) Geetha M; Muthumeenachi; Jeevadharshni S; Sujithra V; Kanchana MIn the present study, biochemical analysis of Acalyphaindica,biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antimicrobial activity on clinical laboratory bacterial pathogens were investigated. Silver nanoparticles were rapidly synthesized using root extract of Acalyphaindica and the formation of nanoparticles was observed. The results recorded from UV-vis spectrum, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) support the biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles. Further, the antibacterial activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles showed effective inhibitory activity against clinical laboratory pathogens Viz., Escherichia coli (gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive).Item MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI (XYLERIASP)(Kongunadu Arts and Science College, CBE, 2018-08-07) Geetha M; Kanchana MOrchidaceae is one of the largest families with close to 25,000 species and encompassing 10% of flowering plants. Endophytic fungi are crucial, quantifiable and integral component of fungal biodiversity, and influenced by community diversity of plants and its structure. Fungal endophytes are also known for its role in ecological community by decreasing the range of environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, spoilage of water and land due to toxic insecticide, poisonous gases and industrial sewage. In this present study, the different Endophytic fungi like Fusarium sp.,Xylariasp., Westerdikellasp., Peniciilium sp. were isolated from two different orchid species Dendrobium sp. andBellaria sp. From four different isolates, xyleria sp. was selected for molecular identification. The genomic DNA was extracted from Xyleria sp. and which subjected to PCR using ITS 1 primer. The sequences were submitted in NCBI (National Centre for Biotechnological Information) for the analysis of homology.Item ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FUNGI FROM RHIZOSPHERIC SOIL(International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences-IJPBS, 2019-04-01) Sujithra V; Sankavi M; Nathiya S; Sreenithi H; Aarthika B; Mahalakshmi C; Geetha M; Jeevadharshni S; Kanchana MAim: Phosphorus is abundant in soil in both organic and inorganic forms; nevertheless, it is unavailable to plants. Accordingly, soil becomes phosphorus deficient, making phosphate one of the most important nutrient elements limiting crop productivity. To prevent the phosphate deficiency, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms could play an important role in making phosphate available for plants by dissolving insoluble Phosphate. Materials and methods: The serial dilution was done in rhizospheric soil and humicola.sp, fungi was isolated. The morphological and molecular characters were studied. Using pikovskaya media humicolafungi was identified to be phosphate solubilizing. This fungus helps to promote plant growth. Result: Phosphate in the soil is essentially unavailable to plants and use of plant associated organisms may help in solubilization of mineral phosphorous for easy uptake by the plants. Fungi have the ability to solubilize phosphorous by production of organic acids and are known to have a higher efficiency of solubilization than bacteria. Increase in cost of fertilizers and worldwide energy crises, low purchasing power of farmers, increase in cost of production restricted the use of chemical fertilizers alone as a source of plant nutrient. Under such condition it has become alternative to use all available resources of plant nutrients including microorganisms like Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms for sustainable soil fertility and productivity. A sterile rhizospheric fungus was isolated from rhizospheric soil of spathoglottisplicataand was found to be dominant with highest phosphate solubilization capacity. The fungus could identify by morphological features, molecular characterization was carried was found closest homolog to humicolasp, with maximum identity of 98%. Conclusion: The humicolais found to be in symbiotic association with the plant. It can be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizer. Therefore preserves the soil fertility.