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Item SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PURE AND AL DOPED CU2S NANOPARTICLES(Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 2016-12-16) Yamuna K; Meena P; Balavijayalakshmi JStructural and Optical properties of undoped and Al doped Cu2S nanoparticles prepared by Hydrothermal method are studied. The nanoparticles of the obtained pure and Al doped(1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% of Al concentration) Cu2S have been characterized by the XRD, SEM-EDOX and FTIR techniques. The XRD analysis reveals that all the obtained samples exhibit polycrystalline nature. Increasing the degree of crystallinity improves the physical properties of the nanoparticles. The photovoltaic studies show that the obtained nanoparticles have high photocurrent density.Item IMPACT OF MOLYBDENUM ON STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MANGANESE FERRITE NANOPARTICLES BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD(Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, 2019-12-15) Kaveri N; Balavijayalakshmi JThe study of transition metal ferrites has vast applications from microwave to radio-wave frequencies and is of great importance from both fundamental as well as in research aspect. Based on their magnetic properties, transition metal ferrites are found to have low magnetic anisotropies and are magnetically categorized as soft. Manganese ferrites are a group of soft spinel ferrite materials with high magnetic permeability, high electrical resistance and low loss. The doping of molybdenum improves its resistivity, strength and toughness. Due to their excellent electrical and magnetic properties, spinel ferrites are technologically important ceramic materials. As transition takes place from micron to nano regime, these materials are found to be with excellent chemical stability, moderate saturation magnetization and low eddy currents especially in spinel ferrites. In this present work, nanocrystalline ferrites of x varies as 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 are synthesized by hydrothermal method. The prepared nanocrystalline ferrites are characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for analyzing its structural, functional groups and morphological structures. XRD analysis reveals that the resultant ferrite nanoparticles are found to have cubic structure. FT-IR spectral analysis shows two main broad metal-oxygen bands and confirms the presence of spinel ferrites. EDX analysis confirms the quantitative presence of elements without impurities. This study aims to fabricate the ferrites with better physical and magnetic properties that are useful in a variety of applications such as magnetic sensors, heavy metal removal and transducers. .Item MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF MOS2/ ZNO/ PANI NANOCOMPOSITES FOR SUPERCAPACITOR APPLICATIONS(Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Trichy., 2019-09-09) Krithika T.S; Balavijayalakshmi JSupercapacitors are the new generation of energy storage devices alternate to batteries because of excellent power density. Transition metal dichalacogenide nanosheet (MoS2) doped with the zinc oxide and polyanniline nanocomposites influence the transition probabilities and electronic structure. In the present study, the various concentrations of MoS2 / ZnO / PANI nanocomposites are synthesized by microwave assisted method. These nanocomposites are characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron microscope (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) UV-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD results revealed that the synthesized nanocomposites are crystalline in nature. The average crystallite size of MoS2 / ZnO / PANI nanocomposites is found to be 15 nm. The electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites are studied through the cyclic voltammetry (CV), Electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Galvanostatic charge- discharge (GCD) for the application of supercapacitor as an active electrode material. The MoS2 doped ZnO / PANI nanocomposites shows good cyclic stability .The electrochemical impedance and charge-discharge shows that the MoS2 / ZnO / PANI nanocomposites possess high conductivity and low charge transfer resistance. These results attributes that the synthesized nanocomposites have potential application for energy storage applications.Item CHEMICAL FUNCTIONALIZATION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDE MOLECULES AS AN DETECTION AGENT FOR THE SENSITIVE DETECTION OF NITROPHENOL ISOMER USING COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES DECORATED REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOSHEET(Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Trichy., 2019-09-09) Ramalakshmi V; Balavijayalakshmi JThe present work describes the synthesis of beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) functionalized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) encapsulated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets (rGONS/β-CD/CuO) for the electrochemical detection of nitrophenol isomer such as ortho-nitrophenol. The chemical functionalization of stabilizing agent with the synthesized rGONS/CuO nanocomposites and the polymer stabilized rGONS/CD/CuO nanocomposites are investigated using FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. The morphological analysis confirms that oligosaccharide molecules are functionalized on the rGONS surface and also the encapsulated spherical shaped CuONPs on the rGONS/β-CD surface. The electrochemical study shows that the rGONS/β-CD/CuO/GCE exhibits a good electrochemical behaviour for the reduction of nitrophenol isomer. It shows good linear range of detection for ortho-nitrophenol with a sensitivity of 2.3 mAμM-1cm-2. The enhancement in the electrochemical behaviour of rGONS may be due to the host guest recognition and catalytic properties of β-CD and CuONPs respectively.Item COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ENSEMBLES ON CHITOSAN BLENDED REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE NANOHYBRIDS FOR THE ELECTROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF P-AMINOPHENOL(Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Trichy., 2019-09-09) Yuvashree S; Balavijayalakshmi JRecently, graphene based nanocomposites have attracted huge attention to provide a novel sensor platform due to its potential application in electrochemical sensing. In this study copper oxide nanoparticles decorated on chitosan functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites have been used as a novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of p-Aminophenol. The nanocomposites are synthesized using chemical reduction method. The synthesized nanocomposites are characterized using X-ray diffraction anlayis (XRD), Fourier transform - infrared spectroscopy analysis (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDAX).Transmission electron microscopy analysis (TEM) and Selected area electron diffraction analysis (SAED). FT-IR spectral analysis shows that the band observed around 505 cm-1 corresponds to the Cu-O stretching vibration. XRD reveals that the prepared nanocomposites are crystallite in nature and the crystallite size varies from 9.6 to 18.5 nm. It is found that the spherical shaped copper oxide nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed on the surface of rough, thin, wrinkled reduced graphene oxide/chitosan nanosheets. The electrochemical properties are investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The influence of several factors such as pH of the supporting electrolyte and scan rate are optimized. The fabricated electrode under optimized conditions, showed a linear range of p-AP from 60 µM to 150 µM. Hence, the chitosan functionalized reduced graphene oxide/copper oxide nanocomposites modified GCE shows an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the detection of p-AP due to its uniform dispersion of CuO nanoparticles on the large surface area of rGO/CS that leads to good electron transfer rate between p-AP and rGO/CS/CuO nanocomposite modified GCE. The prepared sensor can be used for real time detection in waste water.Item ROLE OF GRAPHENE OXIDE / YTTRIUM OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES AS A CATHODE FOR NATURAL DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL APPLICATION(Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Trichy, 2019-09-09) Shanmugapriya T; Balavijayalakshmi JDye Sensitized Solar Cells are currently the most efficient third-generation solar technology. Natural dye sensitized solar cells are becoming promising candidates for replacing synthetic dyes. Graphene oxide is prepared from natural graphite flakes by modified hummers’ method. A novel Graphene oxide/yttrium oxide (GO/Y2O3) nanocomposites are prepared by chemical precipitation method. The different concentration of (5.1, 5:2 and 5:3) of Yttrium oxide nanoparticles exaggerated on the surface of Graphene oxide nanosheets. The prepared nanocomposites are characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy(HRTEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDAX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and UV-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy. The X-Ray diffraction analysis shows that the crystallite size of the GO/Y2O3 (5:1, 5:2 and 5:3) is found to be around 23nm, 25.2 nm and 26.92 nm.Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) reveals that the flake like shape Y2O3nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the surface of GO sheets.The UV-Vis studies showed that the prepared Jasminoum Grandiflorum L(JG) dye belong to chlorophyll group with absorption about 4.2 eV respectively. The electrochemical activity of the prepared nanocomposites is investigated by cyclic voltammetry(CV) technique.The power conversion efficiency of prepared sandwich type DSSCs (5:3) is 1.6%Item NITROGEN DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE/YTTRIUM OXIDE AS A COUNTER ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS(SRM IST, Chennai., 2019-01-28) Shanmugapriya T; Balavijayalakshmi JSolar cells are based on semi-conducting components that once assembled properly can convert successfully sunlight into electricity. Dye Sensitized Solar Cells are currently the most efficient third-generation solar technology. Natural dye sensitized solar cells are becoming promising candidates for replacing synthetic dyes. Graphene oxide is one of the most promising materials for electronic devices because of its unique properties. It is prepared from natural graphite flakes by modified hummer’s method. A novel Nitrogen doped Graphene oxide/yttrium oxide (NGO / Y2O3) nanocomposites are prepared by chemical precipitation method. The structure of the prepared nanocomposites is investigated by X-Ray diffraction analysis and the morphological properties of the prepared nanocomposites are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The presence of functional groups in the synthesized nanocomposites is studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The electrochemical activity of the prepared nanocomposites is investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The prepared nanocomposites can be applied for dye sensitized solar cell applications.Item SYNTHESIS OF MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE DOPED ZINC OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES BY MICROWAVE ASSISTED METHOD(SRM IST, Chennai., 2019-01-28) Krithika S; Balavijayalakshmi JMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2 ) is a layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and is anistropic in nature. It has remarkable physio-chemical properties such as large surface-to-volume ratio, distinctive electronic characteristic, tunable band gap, high carrier mobility, friction, catalytic and optical properties. Zinc oxide is one of the most versatile materials due to its excellent inherent properties of wide band gap, large exciton binding energy and high chemical stability. Molybdenum disulfide doped zinc oxide nanocomposites exhibited high stability, good repeatability and high sensitivity. These nanocomposites are synthesized by Microwave assisted method. The prepared nanocomposites are characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) and Fourier- Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectral analysis for its morphological, structural and spectral studies. These nanocomposites are one of the prominent materials with prospective application in the field of energy storage.Item ELECTROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF POLYMER FUNCTIONALIZED REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE/ ZINC OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITES FOR THE DETECTION OF P-AMINOPHENOL(SRM IST, Chennai, 2019-01-01) Yuvashree S; Balavijayalakshmi JIn this study a novel electrochemical sensor based Zinc oxide nanoparticles ensembled on polymer functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites have been used for the selective detection of p-Aminophenol [1]. The nanocomposites were synthesized using chemical reduction method. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDAX. The electrochemical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated using cyclic voltammetry [2]. Under optimized conditions, the fabricated electrode showed a linear range from 10µM to 500 µM with the low detection limit of 0.5 µM. Hence, the polymer functionalized reduced graphene oxide/Zinc oxide nanocomposites modified GCE showed high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of p-Aminophenol. The prepared sensor can be used for real time detection in waste water [3].Item NITROGEN DOPED GRAPHENE OXIDE / NICKEL OXIDE HYBRIDS FOR DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL APPLICATIONS(Centre for NanoScience and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 2018-10-04) Shanmugapriya T; Balavijayalakshmi JSolar energy plays a vital type of renewable energy because of its environmental friendliness and the potential for high power conversion efficiency in solar energy harvesting devices. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are gaining considerable interest as alternatives to the semiconductor-based thin film solar cells. Natural dye sensitized solar cells are becoming promising candidates for replacing synthetic dyes. Graphene oxide exhibits impressive photoelectric properties, large surface area, high charge-carrier mobility, high conductance and fast electron transfer.These great features offer graphene oxide as most promising materials for various potential applications. Nickel Oxide are of particular interest because of its good electro-catalytic properties, low toxicity and low cost, which makes them suitable for photo-anode in dye sensitized solar cells. In the present work,a hybrid material consisting of nickel oxide nanoparticles anchored onto the nitrogen doped graphene oxide sheets are prepared by chemical precipitation method. The structural and morphological of the prepared nanocomposites areinvestigated by X-Ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The presence of functional groups in the synthesized nanocomposites are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). The electrochemical activity of the prepared nanocomposites is investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV).The prepared nanocomposites are suitable for dye sensitized solar cell applications.