Browsing by Author "Subramani, Ramesh"

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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON TAILORING FACTORS OF POROUS BISMUTH OXYHALIDE PHOTOCATALYSTS FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPLICATION (Article PDF)
(Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2025-01) Kar, Prasenjit; Sathiyan, Govindasamy; Vivekanandan, K E; Venkatesan, Geetha; Siva, Govindasamy; Subramani, Ramesh; Kandasamy, Sabariswaran
Background: Photocatalysis is a green, environmentally friendly approach for converting organic contaminants into harmless byproducts. Especially, Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX, where X = Cl, Br and I) have emerged as promising photocatalysts for wastewater treatment due to their layered-by-layered structure, strong chemical stability and nontoxicity in compare to other metal oxides, which makes the photocatalyst advantageous for photocatalytic application. Methods: This review provides an overview of recent developments in the synthesis and application of BiOXbased porous photocatalysts for the removal of organic contaminants from wastewater. Firstly, morphologycontrolled synthesis of BiOX in degradation of organic contaminants. Then, modulation of electronic structure through doping, facet engineering and surface engineering has been highlighted for better photocatalytic applications. Furthermore, fabrication of diverse heterojunctions and co-catalyst loading upon BiOX are introduced, which can vary photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of organic contaminants. Significant findings: Finally, this review ended on the future trend and prospects of BiOX for the creation of potential high-performance photocatalysts in the near future. The porous structure of BiOX improved photocatalytic activity, pollutant degradation efficiency, visible light response charge carrier separation, and stability. Overall, bismuth oxyhalide photocatalysts have a lot of potential for effective and long-term wastewater treatment, and their development represents an important step towards addressing the global water pollution crisis.
EFFECT OF K-CASEIN-CHLORELLA-CARVACROL COATING FOR ENHANCING SHELF LIFE OF SAPODILLA FRUIT (Article)
(Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2024-12-05) Suresh, Siva Nandhini; Wadaan, Mohammad Ahmad; Subramani, Ramesh; Natarajan, Arunadevi
Background: About 40–45 % of harvested fruits and vegetables are exorcized due to spoilage, which is a major waste of food resources. Extending the shelf life of fruits/vegetables we ensure that the efforts of farmers are effectively utilized. Sustaining freshness, minimal food loss and availability of seasonal fruits are the added advantages for longer shelf life. Methods: In this perspective, this research work was executed to explore the effect of k-casein-chlorella-carvacrol (kCC) aggregate as an edible coating on sapodilla to improve the shelf-life period. Fruits without coating were taken as control, and for coated fruits, the efficacy of the aggregate was evaluated by physicochemical and antimicrobial analysis. Compared to the control, the coated fruits showed a statistically noteworthy improvement (P < 0.05) in properties, including total soluble solids (TSS), antioxidant activity (AA), titratable acidity (TA), total phenolic content (TPC), weight loss (WL), and pH. The WL was reduced by 20 % over a 15-day storage period, compared to only 5 days for the control. TA and TSS results proved that the kCC coating can reduce the acidity. An AA and TPC result evince the delayed ripening of sapodilla up to 12 days. Significant findings: The kCC edible coating can enhance the quality and extend the shelf life of sapodilla. Furthermore, it may be an effective edible coating for other perishable fruits and vegetables. The coating also demonstrated significant efficacy against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
GREEN SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES: TOXICITY AGAINST POECILIA RETICULATA FISHES AND CERIODAPHNIA CORNUTA CRUSTACEANS
(Springer Link, 2016-11-30) Ramachandran, Ishwarya; Baskaralingam, Vaseeharan; Sathappan, Shanthi; Subramani, Ramesh; Pitchaimani, Manogari,; Kannan, Dhanalakshmi; Sekar, Vijayakumar; Giovanni, Benelli
Recently, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles gained increasing attention due to interesting properties for optical, antimicrobial and pest control applications. However, their toxicity against micro-crustaceans and fishes has been scarcely explored, while most of the research efforts focused on mosquito control with the green-synthesized nanocomposites. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of AgNO3, Cissus quadrangularis (Cq)-synthesized AgNPs and Cq extract in two different study models, the larvae of Poecilia reticulata fishes and adults of the micro-crustacean Ceriodaphnia cornuta. In both species, AgNO3 and Cq-AgNPs showed high mortality rates even if tested at very low doses. Molecular analysis revealed high DNA damages induced by Cq-AgNPs on both aquatic organisms. Furthermore, light microscopy studies evidenced lesions in the gills and vacuolization in the gills and in the abdomen of P. reticulata larvae. Overall, our research pointed out that the exposure of aquatic organisms to AgNO3 or green-fabricated AgNPs can damage fishes and crustaceans, posing noteworthy risks to the aquatic ecosystems.
TWO DISTINCT FLUORESCENT QUANTUM CLUSTERS OF GOLD STARTING FROM METALLIC NANOPARTICLES BY PH-DEPENDENT LIGAND ETCHING
(Springer Link, 2010-04-08) Madathumpady Abubaker, Habeeb Muhammed; Subramani, Ramesh; Sudarson, Sekhar Sinha; Samir Kumar, Pal; Thalappil, Pradeep
Two fluorescent quantum clusters of gold, namely Au25 and Au8, have been synthesized from mercaptosuccinic acid-protected gold nanoparticles of 4 5 nm core diameter by etching with excess glutathione. While etching at pH ~3 yielded Au25, that at pH 7 8 yielded Au8. This is the fi rst report of the synthesis of two quantum clusters starting from a single precursor. This simple method makes it possible to synthesize well-defined clusters in gram quantities. Since these clusters are highly fl uorescent and are highly biocompatible due to their low metallic content, they can be used for diagnostic applications.
TWO DISTINCT FLUORESCENT QUANTUM CLUSTERS OF GOLD STARTING FROM METALLIC NANOPARTICLES BY PH-DEPENDENT LIGAND ETCHING
(Springer Link, 2008) Madathumpady, Abubaker Habeeb Muhammed; Subramani, Ramesh; Sudarson, Sekhar Sinha; Samir Kumar, Pal; Thalappil, Pradeep
Two fluorescent quantum clusters of gold, namely Au25 and Au8, have been synthesized from mercaptosuccinic acid-protected gold nanoparticles of 4–5 nm core diameter by etching with excess glutathione. While etching at pH ∼3 yielded Au25, that at pH 7–8 yielded Au8. This is the first report of the synthesis of two quantum clusters starting from a single precursor. This simple method makes it possible to synthesize well-defined clusters in gram quantities. Since these clusters are highly fluorescent and are highly biocompatible due to their low metallic content, they can be used for diagnostic applications.