Browsing by Author "Sarah Jaison"

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ASSESSMENT OF METAL ACCUMULATION CAPACITY OF BRACHIARIA RAMOSA COLLECTED FROM CEMENT WASTE DUMPING AREA FOR THE REMEDIATION OF METAL CONTAMINATED SOIL
(Elsevier-Ecological Engineering, 2013-07-06) Lakshmi P M; Sarah Jaison; Thangavelu Muthukumar; Muthukumar M
Plant and soil samples were collected from areas surrounding a cement factory. As the vegetation around the cement factory was predominated by Brachiaria ramosa (B. ramosa) and due to its ecological importance, it was evaluated for its metal accumulation capacity. An assessment of the plant and soil samples for metals such as Zn, Pb, Cd and Hg indicated that B. ramosa accumulated significant amounts of Pb and Zn in its shoot and root tissues several folds higher than their available concentration in the soil, hence, designated as an accumulator of metals. In the shoot, Pb accumulation of B. ramosa, was found to be of great importance as it can be a promising plant for the remediation of Pb contaminated soil.
MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND MYCORRHIZAE IN SUBTERRANEAN PARTS OF ZEUXINE GRACILIS (ORCHIDACEAE)
(Anales de Biología, 2011-12-14) Muthukumar T; Uma E; Karthikeyan A; Sathiyadash K; Sarah Jaison; Priyadharsini P; Ishworani C; Muniappan V
Zeuxine gracilis (Berda) Bl., is an endemic, terrestrial green orchid whose morphology, anatomy and mycorrhizal status is unknown. So we investigated: (a) root and rhizome anatomy; (b) root hair characteristics and mycorrhizal colonization patterns in Z. gracilis plants collected from Western Ghats region of southern India. The prominent anatomical characters in the roots were: absence of velamen, spiranthosomes, and the presence of single layered exodermis and nine arched protoxylem. The rhizome had an uniseriate epidermis, abundant spiranthosomes in the inner cortical cells, a distinct endodermis with casparian strips and biseriate vascular bundles. The presence of fungi both in the roots and rhizomes was revealed. The entry of fungi was chiefly through root hairs and through epidermis in the rhizome. Fungi formed pelotons and monilioid cells in the root cortex. Additionally, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi characterized by the presence of aseptate hyphae, vesicles and spores were present occasionally in roots. The lack of arbuscules in Z. gracilis indicated the AM to be non functional
PATTERNS OF ENDORHIZAL FUNGAL ASSOCIATIONS IN FRUIT CROPS OF SOUTHERN INDIA
(WILEY-J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci, 2012-03-22) Sarah Jaison; Krishnasamy Rajeswari; Thangavelu Muthukumar
A survey on the endorhizalstatus of 39 fruit crops of 25 families, indicatedthat 22 fruit crops had arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)–, four had dark septate endophyte (DSE)–fungal association, and 13 had dual colonization of AM and DSE fungi. Fruit crops were capable of forming Arum-, Paris-, or intermediate-types of AM morphologies of which intermediate-type was common. To our knowledge, we report for the first time AM in 10 fruit crops and DSE-fungal association in 17 fruit crops. The extent of AM- and DSE-fungal colonization ranged from 41% to 98% and < 1% to 89.9%, respectively, in different fruit crops. Arbuscular mycorrhizal–fungal spore numbers in the rhizosphere ranged from 6 to 61 spores per 25 g of soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal– fungal spores belonging to Acaulospora, Glomus, and Scutellospora were isolated from the rhizosphere soil.