Browsing by Author "Narasimhan, Aarthi"

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PROPOLIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE NATURE'S POLYPHENOLIC WONDER (Review)
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Balasubramaniam, Arun Kumar; Elangovan, Ashmitha; Rahman, Maheen Abdul; Nayak, Subhendu; Swain, Durga; Babu, Harathi Parasur; Narasimhan, Aarthi; Monga, Vikramdeep
Propolis, a resinous substance produced by honeybees, has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries due to its diverse biological activities. This review explores the phytochemical composition, therapeutic applications, and potential health benefits of propolis. Comprising a complex mixture of resins, waxes, essential oils, and pollen, propolis exhibits significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties. The phytochemical content of propolis varies with its botanical and geographical origins, influencing its bioactivity. Propolis has shown promise in wound healing, oral health, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, and gastrointestinal health. Despite its therapeutic potential, challenges such as standardization, quality control, and regulatory issues need to be addressed. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms of action, optimizing extraction methods, and conducting extensive clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety. Sustainable production and conservation efforts are essential to ensure the continuous supply of high- quality propolis. This review highlights the need for interdisciplinary research to fully harness the potential of propolis in modern medicine.
THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS BY PHYTOCONSTITUENTS IN NEUROLOGICAL AILMENTS
(CRC Press, 2024-01-01) Narasimhan, Aarthi; Sivakumar, Sri Raagavee; Chelladurai, Karthikeyan Subbiahanadar; Rajagopalan, Kamarajan; Christyraj, Jackson Durairaj Selvan
Neurological disorders are one of the most common disorders among humans, with one in three people around the world being affected at some point in their lives. Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and multiple sclerosis are the most common examples heard. As there is no certain cure, it is critical to continue and deepen research. In the initial days, scientists believed that the main reason for neurological disorders is due to the modification of genes and somatic changes. As more information about neural networks and their associated diseases became available, a new discovery emerged: Changes in gene expression are not always caused by changes in the genetic sequence. Epigenetic modifications play a huge role in maintaining the homeostasis of the cell by activating and deactivating certain gene mechanisms. This action might be beneficial to the body or might create increased harm. Changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, or altered microRNA expression patterns are examples of epigenetic changes. These changes are known to be related and to play a significant role in neurological disorders and the failure of conventional treatment. Diet and lifestyle have a big impact on epigenetic alterations. In this regard, dietary phytochemicals taken as dietary supplements have shown promise in reversing these epigenetic changes, controlling the expression of genes and cellular targets, and thus preventing age-related disorders via altering the epigenome. One of the most common issues leading to an increase in neurological disorders is oxidative stress. Phytochemicals have antioxidant properties, which help in reducing oxidative stress and decreasing the chance of the occurrence of neurological disorders. This chapter talks about neurological diseases, their epigenetic mechanisms, and the epigenetic modifications of the phytochemicals used to treat them.
STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF SIDA ACUTA AND VETIVERIA ZIZANIOIDES AGAINST THE MALARIAL VECTOR, ANOPHELES STEPHENSI AND MALARIAL PARASITE, PLASMODIUM BERGHEI
(Rishan Publications, 2014-03-26) Narasimhan, Aarthi; G, James Pitchai; Kadarkarai, Murugan; Pari, Madhiyazhagan; Thiyagarajan, Nataraj; Arjunan, Nareshkumar; Kandasamy, Kalimuthu; Jiang-Shiou, Hwang; Donald R, Barnard; Hui, Wei; R, Chandrasekar; A, Amsath
The methanolic extracts of Sida acuta and Vetiveria zizanioides leaves and root was investigated for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei infections in mice. The median lethal dose was determined to ascertain the safety of the extract in mice. The antimalarial activities during early and established infections were evaluated. Phytochemical screening was also investigated to elucidate the possible mechanism of the antimalarial and antivectorial properties. The extracts of Sida acuta and Vetiveria zizanioides leaf and root demonstrated that a significant antiplasmodial activity in all the three groups (test for root and leaves and one control includes three groups) of the antimalarial evaluations. Plant extracts treatment showed higher mortality against mosquito larvae, lethal dose (Lc50 and Lc90) was also worked out for the larval instars of malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi. Phytochemical screening revealed that the presence of some vital insecticidal and antiplasmodial constituents such as terpenoids, flavonoids and alkaloids. The leaf and root extract of S. acuta and V. zizanioides showed markedly significant antimalarial activity and antivectorial activity effects even at low concentrations. O S. acuta and V. zizanioides are promising in mosquito control and also safe for the non-target organisms. This integrated application could be useful as alternative synthetic insecticides. These agents should preferentially to be applied in mosquito control strategies to reduce the mosquito populations and prevent the malaria.